1800_六级英语词汇
1800. sermon
'sə:mən 布道,讲道;说教
- sermon on the mount (登山宝训(指圣经马太福音中耶稣在山上所说的话);山上宝训)
- The vicar gave a sermon on charity. (牧师作了一次关于仁爱的布道。)
- mission, message (布道;训诫;启示;冗长的讲话)
1801. absent
'æbsənt, æb'sent 不在的
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absent from (缺席)
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absent minded (健忘的)
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absent from work (旷工;缺勤)
- students who are regularly absent from school (经常缺课的学生)
- missing, vacant (缺席的;缺少的;心不在焉的;茫然的)
1802. disagreement
,disə'ɡri:mənt 争论;不一致
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We’ve had a few disagreements , but we’re still good friends. (虽然有过一些分歧,但我们仍是好朋友。)
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There is disagreement between these two estimates. (这两种估算不符。)
- controversy, combat, variance, disparity (不一致;争论;意见不同)
1803. awkward
'ɔ:kwəd 令人尴尬的
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I hoped he would stop asking awkward questions . (我希望他不要再问令人难堪的问题。)
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A laugh can help people over an awkward situation. (笑可以助人化解尴尬。)
- testing, embarrassed (尴尬的;笨拙的;棘手的;不合适的)
1804. immortal
i'mɔ:təl 不朽的;永生的
- Plato believed that the soul is immortal. (柏拉图认为灵魂不灭。)
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eternal, monumental (不朽的;神仙的;长生的)
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jinnee, djinni (神仙;不朽人物)
1805. wretched
'retʃid 不幸的
- the poor, wretched girl (极其不幸的可怜姑娘)
- poor, mean, base, dirty (可怜的;卑鄙的;令人苦恼或难受的)
1806. misfortune
mis'fɔ:tʃən 不幸,灾祸,灾难
- It seems the banks always profit from farmers’ misfortunes. (银行似乎总是从农民的不幸中获益。)
- disaster, evil, tragedy, grief (不幸;灾祸,灾难)
1807. incompatible
,inkəm'pætəbl 不相容的
- be incompatible with (与…不相容)
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Politeness and truth are often mutually incompatible. (礼貌和实话往往互不相容。)
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Business interests are incompatible with public office. (商业利益与公职不可兼得。)
- antipathic, contradictory ([数]不相容的;矛盾的;不能同时成立的)
1808. instability
,instə'biləti 不稳定性
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thermal instability (热不稳定性)
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emotional instability (情绪不稳定)
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the instability of the market (市场的变化无常)
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political instability in the region (该地区的政局不稳)
- flux, imbalance ([气象]不稳定(性);基础薄弱;不安定)
1809. incomplete
,inkəm'pli:t 不完全的,未完成的
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incomplete combustion ([化]不完全燃烧)
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incomplete fusion (未焊透,不完全焊透;未完全熔合)
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incomplete abortion (不全流产,不完全流产)
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Unfortunately, I do not have the information because our records are incomplete. (很遗憾,由于我们的记录不完整,我无法提供有关资料。)
-
an incomplete process (未完成的工序)
- half, synsemantic ([数][计]不完全的;不完备的)
1810. stuffy
'stʌfi 不透气的,闷热的
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stuffy nose (曲差)
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hot and stuffy (闷热)
- It’s getting stuffy in here – do you mind if I open the window? (这里越来越闷了,我开开窗行吗?)
- sweltering, sultry (闷热的;古板的;不通气的)
1811. opaque
əu'peik 不透明的
- opaque glass (不透明玻璃)
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a shower with an opaque glass door (装有不透明玻璃门的淋浴间)
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opaque tights (不透明的连裤袜)
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slow, non-transparent ([物]不透明的;不传热的;迟钝的)
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devitrify ([物]使不透明;使不反光)
1812. improper
im'prɔpə 不适当的;不合理的
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improper packing (包装不妥)
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improper behavior (不当行为)
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improper handling (处理不当;搬运不当;操作不当)
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improper integral (反常积分;[数]广义积分)
- It would be improper of me to comment before the election outcome is known. (在选举结果未知的情况下我作出评论是不恰当的。)
- false, wrong, incorrect, unhappy, inadequate (不正确的,错误的;不适当的;不合礼仪的)
1813. dissatisfaction
'dis,sætis'fækʃən 不满,不平
- 30% of customers expressed dissatisfaction with the service. (30%的顾客对服务表示不满意。)
- grievance, disaffection (不满;令人不满的事物)
1814. watertight
'wɔ:tətait, 'wɔ- 不漏水的,防水的
- a watertight container (不漏水的容器)
- invulnerable, unexceptionable (水密的;[建]不漏水的;无懈可击的)
1815. inevitably
in'evitəbli 不可避免地
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The decision will inevitably lead to political tensions. (该决定必然导致政治局势的紧张。)
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Inevitably, the situation did not please everyone. (这种状况必定不能让所有人都感到满意。)
- necessarily, ineluctably (不可避免地;必然地)
1816. irrespective
,iri'spektiv 不考虑的,不顾的
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irrespective of (不论;不考虑;不顾)
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irrespective of percentage (不论损失如何全部赔偿)
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The course is open to anyone, irrespective of age. (这门课任何人都可参加,没有年龄限制。)
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...their commitment to a society based on equality for all citizens irrespective of ethnic origin. (…他们为建设一个没有种族差别、全民平等的社会所做出的贡献。)
- unrelated, unconcerned (无关的;不考虑的;不顾的)
1817. inaccurate
in'ækjurət 不精密的,不准确的
- A lot of what has been written about him is inaccurate. (关于他的文字描述有大量失实之处。)
- false, wrong, incorrect, improper, erroneous (错误的)
1818. unreasonable
,ʌn'ri:zənəbl 不讲道理的;过高的
- I think he’s being unreasonable. (我认为他是在无理取闹。)
- ideal, dream (不合理的;过度的;不切实际的;非理智的)
1819. undesirable
,ʌndi'zaiərəbl 不合需要的;讨厌的
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punishment of undesirable behaviour (对不良行为的惩罚)
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It would be highly undesirable to increase class sizes further. (再增加班级人数,是大家都极不愿意的。)
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unhealth, cacoethic (不良的;不受欢迎的;不合需要的)
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persona non grata (不良分子;不受欢迎的人)
1820. unfit
,ʌn'fit 不合适的;无能力的
- Jenkins is unfit for public office. (詹金斯不适合担任公职。)
- rejected, unsuited (不适宜的;不合格的;不健康的)
1821. absurd
əb'sə:d 不合理的,荒唐的
- theatre of the absurd (荒谬剧场;荒诞派戏剧)
- It seems an absurd idea. (这似乎是个荒唐的想法。)
- ridiculous, preposterous (荒谬的;可笑的)
1822. irregularity
i,reɡju'lærəti 不规则;不整齐
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a slight irregularity in his heartbeat (他略微的心律不齐)
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The paint will cover any irregularity in the surface of the walls. (油漆会遮盖住墙壁上任何不平整的地方。)
- anomaly, abnormity (不规则;无规律;[电子]不整齐)
1823. disregard
disri'ɡɑ:d 不管,不顾
disri'ɡɑ:d 忽视
- in disregard of (不顾;无视)
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He ordered the jury to disregard the witness’s last statement. (他指示陪审团忽略证人的最后一句话。)
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his disregard for her feelings (他对她情感的忽略)
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ignore, neglect (忽视;不理;漠视;不顾)
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inobservancy, negligence (忽视;不尊重)
1824. uncertain
,ʌn'sə:tən 不定的;无常的
- uncertain about (对…不能肯定)
- He was uncertain how much further he could walk. (他不清楚自己还能走多远。)
- changeable, vague (无常的;含糊的;靠不住的;迟疑不决的)
1825. impurity
im'pjuərəti 杂质;不纯
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mechanical impurity (机械杂质)
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impurity element (杂质元素)
- All natural minerals contain impurities. (凡天然矿物都含有杂质。)
- foreign matters, nastiness (杂质;不纯;不洁)
1826. inadequate
in'ædikwit 不充足的,不适当的
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inadequate resources (资源缺乏)
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The new air conditioning system proved inadequate. (新的空调系统不够好。)
- deficient, unhappy, wrong, inappropriate, improper (不充分的,不适当的)
1827. invariably
in'vɛəriəbli 不变地,永恒地
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It invariably rains when I go there. (我每次去那儿都下雨。)
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The security guards were invariably ex-servicemen. (保安人员毫无例外地都是退伍军人。)
- always, toujours (总是;不变地;一定地)
1828. uneasy
,ʌn'i:zi 不安的;拘束的
- uneasy about (担忧)
- She eventually fell into an uneasy sleep. (她终于睡着了,但睡得并不踏实。)
- uncomfortable, unstable (不舒服的;心神不安的;不稳定的)
1829. mammal
'mæməl 哺乳动物
- marine mammal (海产哺乳动物)
- Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all mammals, but birds, fish, and crocodiles are not. (人、狗、大象和海豚都是哺乳动物,而鸟、鱼和鳄鱼则不是。)
- suckler ([脊椎]哺乳动物)
1830. supplement
英['sʌplɪm(ə)nt] 美['sʌplɪmənt] 补角
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dietary supplement (食品强化剂;食物的补充)
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nutritional supplement (营养补充品;营养增补剂)
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food supplement (食品补充剂;保健品;营养品)
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recruitment, renewal (补充,[图情]补遗;补充物;附录)
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to replenish, eke (补充,增补)
1831. complement
'kɔmplimənt 补充
'kɔmplimənt 补足(物)
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complement system (求补系统)
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complement activation (补体激活;补体的激活)
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object complement (宾语补足语;宾补)
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The team needs players who complement each other. (球队需要能够相互取长补短的队员。)
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This wine would be a nice complement to grilled dishes. (这种葡萄酒配烧烤食物会很不错。)
- make up a loss, make sth up (补足,补助)
1832. compensation
,kɔmpen'seiʃən 补偿,赔偿,赔偿费
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compensation system (补偿制度)
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error compensation (误差补偿,平差)
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compensation method (补偿法)
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temperature compensation (温度补偿)
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reactive power compensation (无功补偿)
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claim for compensation (索赔)
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compensation trade (补偿贸易)
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motion compensation (运动补偿;动态补偿)
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economic compensation (经济赔偿)
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radius compensation (半径补偿;径差补偿)
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compensation package (赔偿计划;薪酬包)
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executive compensation (管理层薪资水平)
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without compensation (毫无补偿)
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compensation principle (补偿原则)
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pressure compensation (压力补偿)
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compensation fund (赔偿基金)
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compensation plan (酬金方案)
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make compensation (补偿,赔款)
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compensation insurance (职工赔偿保险)
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series compensation (串联补偿)
- People who are wrongly arrested may be paid compensation . (被误抓的人有可能得到补偿费。)
- payment, consideration, insurance, reward, offset ([会计]补偿;报酬;[保险]赔偿金)
1833. humanitarian
hju:,mæni'tεəriən 博爱的
hju:,mæni'tεəriən 慈善家
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humanitarian aid (人道主义援助)
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humanitarian crisis (人道主义危机)
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Humanitarian aid is being sent to the refugees. (正向难民提供人道主义援助。)
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The well-known humanitarian, Joseph Rowntree, was concerned with the welfare of his employees. (著名的人道主义者约瑟夫.荣特里非常关心其雇员的福利。)
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philanthropic, caritative (人道主义的;博爱的;基督凡人论的)
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philanthropist, charitarian (人道主义者;慈善家;博爱主义者;基督凡人论者)
1834. barge
bɑ:dʒ 驳船;大型游船
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barge in (v. 闯入;干涉)
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barge into (闯入;与…相撞)
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barge pole (n. 驳船撑竿)
- Carrying goods by train costs nearly three times more than carrying them by barge. (通过铁路运货的成本比驳船运货成本高出近3倍。)
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titubate, burst into (蹒跚;闯入)
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lighter, catamaran ([船]驳船;游艇)
1835. fluctuation
,flʌktju'eiʃən 波动
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economic fluctuation (经济波动)
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price fluctuation ([经]价格起伏,物价波动)
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voltage fluctuation (电压波动;电压升降)
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temperature fluctuation (温度波动;温度涨落)
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market fluctuation (市场波动;市价涨落)
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speed fluctuation (速度波动;速率变动;速度忽高忽低)
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fluctuation range (波动幅度)
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current fluctuation (电流起伏,电流波动;日常波动)
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fluctuation velocity (脉动速度,波动速度;变动速度)
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cyclical fluctuation (n. 循环变动,周期性波动)
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turbulent fluctuation (n. 紊流脉动;紊动)
- Prices are subject to fluctuation. (价格可能会有波动。)
- wave, undulation ([海洋]起伏,[电子][物]波动)
1836. fluctuate
'flʌktjueit 波动,使波动
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Insect populations fluctuate wildly from year to year. (昆虫的数量每年变化很大。)
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Prices were volatile, fluctuating between 20 and 40. (价格不稳定,在20至40美元之间波动。)
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wave motion, shake (波动;涨落;动摇)
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destabilize (使波动;使动摇)
1837. invalid
'invəli:d, -lid, ,invə'li:d, 'in- 病人
- invalid data (无效数据;不正当数据)
- I hate being treated as an invalid. (我讨厌被当作病人对待。)
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useless, disabled, ineffective (无效的;有病的;残废的)
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sick, patient (病人;[医]残废者)
1838. ward
wɔ:d 病房,病室;监房
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ward off (避开;挡住)
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isolation ward (n. 隔离病房)
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surgical ward (外科病房)
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medical ward (内科病房)
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maternity ward (产科病房)
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ward inspection (病室巡诊,查房)
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watch and ward (日夜守卫;时刻戒备)
- the other patients in the ward (病房里的其他病人)
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observation, safeguard, monitoring, surveillance, watch ([医]病房;保卫;监视)
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avoid, guard, shun (避开;保卫;守护)
1839. strength
streŋθ, streŋkθ 兵力;强度
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tensile strength (抗张强度)
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actual strength (实际强度)
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compressive strength (抗压强度;压缩强度)
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shear strength (切变强度)
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economic strength (经济实力;经济力量)
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mechanical strength (机械强度)
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on the strength (列入编制;是正式成员;在名册上)
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impact strength ([化]冲击强度)
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fatigue strength (疲劳强度)
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bonding strength (结合强度;粘接强度;黏合强度)
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in strength (大量地)
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bending strength (弯曲强度;抗弯强度)
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on the strength of (adv. 基于;凭借…;依赖…)
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yield strength (屈服强度;屈变力;抗屈强度)
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compression strength (抗压强度;压缩强度)
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physical strength (n. 体力)
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national strength (国力)
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bond strength ([化]粘合强度;键强度)
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concrete strength (混凝土强度)
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flexural strength ([化]挠曲强度)
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The police force is below strength at the moment (= there are fewer police than there should be ). (目前警力不足。)
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the strength of a rope (绳子的强度)
- force, might, excellence, muscle, power (力量;力气;兵力;长处)
1840. icy
'aisi 冰冷的;冷冰冰的
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an icy wind (刺骨寒风)
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The bath water was icy cold. (洗澡水冰冷刺骨。)
- cold, ice-cold (冰冷的;冷淡的;结满冰的)
1841. objective
əb'dʒektiv, ɔb- 目标
əb'dʒektiv, ɔb- 宾格的
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objective function (目标函数)
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objective analysis (目标分析,客观分析)
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objective evaluation (客观评价)
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strategic objective (战略目标)
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ultimate objective (最终目标;最极目标)
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objective laws (客观规律)
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objective evidence (客观证据)
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objective condition (客观条件;客观情况)
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objective factor (客观因素;物的因素)
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objective lens (物镜)
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general objective (一般目标,总目标)
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job objective (工作目标;求职意向)
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management by objective (目标管理;目标治理)
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objective value (客观价值)
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objective test (客观测验;客观式测验)
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investment objective (投资目标)
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objective knowledge (客观知识;客观认识;客观熟悉)
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objective cause (客观原因)
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performance objective (绩效目标)
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social objective (社会目标)
- He vowed to achieve certain objectives before the end of his presidency. (他立誓要在他的总统任期结束之前实现某些目标。)
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impersonal, accusatival ([医]客观的;目标的;[语]宾格的)
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intention, purpose, sake, target, goal (目的;目标;[光]物镜;[语]宾格)
1842. villa
'vilə 别墅
- mountain villa (山庄别墅)
- We rented a holiday villa in Spain. (我们在西班牙租了一座假日别墅。)
- country seat, chateau ([建]别墅;郊区住宅)
1843. characterize
'kærəktəraiz 表现…的特性
- The group was characterized as being well-educated and liberal. (该群体被描绘成受过良好教育,思想开明。)
1844. signify
'signifai 表示,意味着
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Some tribes use special facial markings to signify status. (有些部落使用特殊的面部标记来表示地位。)
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The image of the lion signified power and strength. (狮子的形象代表权力和力量。)
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indicate, bid, forecast, mean, shadow (表示;意味;预示)
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matter, count for (有重要性;要紧;冒充内行)
1845. manifest
表明
明显的
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The shareholders have manifested their intention to sell the shares. (股东们表明了要出售股票的意图。)
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a manifest error of judgment (明显的判断错误)
1846. seemingly
'si:miŋli 表面上,外表上
- seemingly unrelated bits of information (似乎互不相关的零星信息)
1847. superficial
表面的;肤浅的
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superficial velocity (空塔速度;表面速度)
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superficial layer (浅层;表面层)
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superficial area (表面积)
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superficial fascia (浅筋膜)
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Despite their superficial similarities, the two novels are, in fact, very different. (这两本小说尽管表面上有相似之处,但实际上大不一样。)
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They only have the most superficial understanding of prison life. (他们对监狱生活只有最粗浅的了解。)
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surface, external, facial, shallow (表面的;肤浅的)
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person, garment (表面文章;外表;浅薄的人)
1848. criterion
krai'tiəriən 标准,准则,尺度
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evaluation criterion (评估标准)
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design criterion (设计标准;设计准则;设计规范)
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failure criterion (失效准则;故障判据;抗剪强度破坏准则)
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stability criterion (稳定性判据)
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fracture criterion (断裂判据,断裂准则;断裂指标)
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technical criterion (技术标准)
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similarity criterion (相似准则)
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performance criterion (性能判据;性能标准)
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criterion function (准则函数;判别函数)
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error criterion (误差准则,误差判据)
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convergence criterion (收敛性判定准则;收敛性判据)
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optimality criterion (最优性判别;最优性准则)
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criterion validity (效标效度)
- the criteria we use to select candidates (我们挑选候选人的标准)
- standard, formula, level, prototype, norm ((批评判断的)[标准]标准;准则;规范;准据)
1849. norm
nɔːm 标准,规范;平均数
-
social norm (社会规范)
-
matrix norm (矩阵范数)
- Joyce’s style of writing was a striking departure from the literary norm. (乔伊斯的写作风格与传统的文学风格大相径庭。)
- criterion, quota (规范,基准;[经管]定额,分配之工作量)
1850. heading
'hediŋ 标题,题词,题名
-
cold heading (冷镦;冷作头)
-
heading stage (抽穗期;出穗期)
-
heading up (抬高水位)
-
heading machine (掘进机;顶镦机;螺丝打头机;封头机)
-
subject heading (主题标目)
-
magnetic heading ([航海]磁艏向)
-
heading angle (航向角,迎波角;(汽车)方位角;航向改变角)
- chapter headings (章节标题)
- title, titel ([计][图情]标题;(足球)头球;[通信]信头)
1851. reason
'ri:zən 论证,推断
-
reason for (原因,理由)
-
main reason (主要原因)
-
for this reason (为此;由于这个原因)
-
no reason (没有理由)
-
by reason of (由于;因为)
-
good reason (好理由)
-
with reason (合理;有道理)
-
for some reason (由于某种原因;由于某个理由)
-
for the reason (由于;因为)
-
for no reason (无缘无故;无端;没有理由的)
-
have reason (有道理,有理性)
-
reason with (规劝;与…评理)
-
in reason (adv. 合理;明智)
-
without reason (无理由;不合理)
-
for the same reason (为了同样的理由)
-
for reason (因为…理由)
-
within reason (理智的,合理的;合情合理)
-
one reason or another (因为…某种原因)
-
practical reason (实践理性;实际理由)
-
by reason that (adv. 因为)
- They reasoned that other businesses would soon copy the idea. (他们推断其他企业也会很快仿效这个点子。)
-
motivation, excuse, incentive, sake, account (理由;理性;动机)
-
ratiocinate, prevail with (推论;劝说)
-
discuss, debate, satisfy, convince, argue (说服;推论;辩论)
1852. advocate
'ædvəkeit, 'ædvəkət 拥护
'ædvəkeit, 'ædvəkət 辩护律师
- devil's advocate (故意持相反意见的人;故意唱反调的人)
- Extremists were openly advocating violence. (极端主义者公开鼓吹使用暴力。)
-
maintain, submit (提倡,主张,拥护)
-
prophet, supporter (提倡者;支持者;律师)
1853. discrimination
dis,krimi'neiʃən 歧视;辨别;识别力
-
racial discrimination (种族歧视)
-
sex discrimination (性别歧视;雌雄鉴别)
-
price discrimination (价格歧视,差别取价)
-
gender discrimination (性别歧视)
-
race discrimination (种族歧视)
-
laws to prevent discrimination (防止歧视的法律)
-
shape discrimination (形状识别力)
- distinction, differentiation (歧视;区别,辨别;识别力)
1854. transform
træns'fɔ:m, trænz-, trɑ:n- 变换
-
fourier transform (傅里叶变换)
-
fast fourier transform (快速傅里叶变换)
-
transform into (转变成)
-
discrete cosine transform (离散余弦变换)
-
fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (傅里叶变换红外光谱学)
-
laplace transform (拉普拉斯变换)
-
discrete fourier transform (离散傅里叶变换)
-
integral transform (积分变换;积分转换)
-
inverse transform (逆变换;反转换)
-
hilbert transform (希伯特转换;希耳伯特变换;希尔波特滤波器)
-
transform coding (变换编码;转换编码)
-
transform fault (转换断层;转形断层)
-
free transform (自由变形)
-
fourier transform hologram (傅里叶变换全息图)
-
fourier transform spectroscopy (傅里叶变换光谱学)
- Your metabolic rate is the speed at which your body transforms food into energy. (你的新陈代谢率就是你身体将食物转换成能量的速度。)
-
influence, fashion, vary, innovate (改变,使…变形;转换)
-
veer from, to change ([数][电]变换,改变;转化)
1855. loosen
'lu:sən 变松
- loosen up (放松肌肉;松弛;[口]信口开河;[口]慷慨解囊)
-
You’ll need a spanner to loosen that bolt. (你需要扳手来拧开那个螺栓。)
-
The screws have loosened. (螺丝松了。)
-
Harry loosened his tie. (哈里松开了领带。)
-
relax, lighten up (放松;松开)
-
relax, lighten up (放松;松开)
1856. alteration
,ɔ:ltə'reiʃən 变更,改变
-
hydrothermal alteration (热液蚀变;水热蚀变)
-
alteration work (改建工程)
-
design alteration (设计变更)
- If you make alterations to the Windows setup, save the new settings before closing. (如果更改了视窗操作系统的设置,关闭前要保存新的设置。)
- modification, changing (修改,改变;变更)
1857. fall
fɔ:l 变成,成为,陷入
-
fall in (到期;集合;排队;倒塌;与某人在一起)
-
fall in love (坠入爱河;爱上某人)
-
fall into (落入;分成)
-
fall in love with (爱上)
-
fall of (坠落)
-
fall down (跌倒;失败;倒塌)
-
in the fall (在秋天)
-
rise and fall (涨落;抑扬)
-
fall off (减少;跌落;下降;离开;衰退)
-
fall on (落到;指向)
-
fall from (从…落下)
-
fall behind (拖欠;落在后面)
-
free fall (自由下落)
-
fall back (退却,后退;[计]回落)
-
fall ill (生病)
-
fall for something (相信某事)
-
fall for (迷恋;信以为真)
-
fall back on (退到;求助于;回头再说)
-
fall out (发生;脱落;争吵;离队;结果是)
-
fall under (受到(影响等);被归入)
-
He had fallen asleep on the sofa. (他在沙发上睡着了。)
-
The room had fallen silent. (整个房间都变得静悄悄的。)
-
become, come, lower (落下;变成;来临;减弱)
-
reduction, decline, autumn ([气象]下降;秋天;瀑布)
-
floor, cut sth down (砍倒;击倒)
-
autumn (秋天的)
1858. program
'prəuɡræm, -ɡrəm 编制程序
-
computer program (计算机程序)
-
program design (n. 程序设计;程式设计)
-
training program (n. 训练计划)
-
tv program (电视节目)
-
development program (n. 发展计划;开发方案)
-
control program (控制程序)
-
application program ([计]应用程序)
-
design program (设计任务书)
-
education program (教育计划;教育课程)
-
simulation program (模拟程序)
-
television program (电视节目)
-
research program (研究规划)
-
program control (程序控制)
-
main program (主程序)
-
teaching program (教学计划;教学大纲)
-
construction program (施工程序)
-
space program (太空计划,空间计划)
-
program management (程式管理)
-
program development (程序开发)
-
test program (检验程序;试验程序)
- Any large high-speed computer can be programmed to learn. (任何大型高速计算机都可以通过编程获得学习能力。)
- procedure, routine, plan, scheme, project ([计]程序;计划;大纲)
1859. edit
'edit 编辑,编纂;校订
-
edit box ([计]编辑框)
-
edit mode ([计]编辑方式)
-
edit window (编辑窗口)
-
a collection of essays edited by John Gay (由约翰·盖伊编辑的论文集)
-
I know that this draft text will need to be edited. (我知道这篇草稿需要校订。)
- copy-edit, redact ([计]编辑;校订)
1860. verge
və:dʒ 边缘,边界
- on the verge of (濒临于;接近于)
- They set up camp on the verge of the desert. (他们在沙漠边缘扎下了营地。)
-
go on for, come close to (濒临,接近;处在边缘)
-
margin, brink, suburb, beaded edge (边缘)
1861. rim
rim 边;边缘,(眼镜)框
-
pacific rim (太平洋沿岸地区;泛太平洋)
-
wheel rim (轮辋;钢圈;轮箍;轮缘)
-
the rim of a glass (玻璃杯口)
-
gold-rimmed spectacles (金边眼镜)
- margin, suburb (边,边缘;轮辋;圆圈)
1862. hearth
hɑ:θ 壁炉地面;炉边
-
hearth furnace (床式反射炉)
-
open hearth (平炉)
-
hearth and home (温暖舒适的家庭(生活))
-
hearth bottom (n. 【机】炉床底)
-
rotary hearth furnace (环形加热炉;转底炉)
-
open hearth furnace (平炉)
- It was winter and there was a huge fire roaring in the hearth. (时值冬天,壁炉里的炉火在熊熊燃烧。)
- cooking bench, ingleside (灶台;炉边;炉床;[建]壁炉地面)
1863. fireplace
'faiəpleis 壁炉
- In the evenings, we gathered around the fireplace and talked in hushed whispers. (晚上,我们聚集在壁炉周围轻声交谈。)
- andiron, chimney place ([建]壁炉)
1864. patron
'peitrən 庇护人;赞助人
- patron saint (n. 守护神;保护圣徒)
- a wealthy patron (富有的赞助人)
- guardian, backer (赞助人;保护人;主顾)
1865. diploma
di'pləumə 毕业文凭,学位证书
-
college diploma (大学文凭;(高等学校)文凭、毕业证书)
-
high school diploma (高中文凭)
-
postgraduate diploma (研究生文凭;研究生文凭课程)
-
graduate diploma (硕士文凭;研究生文凭)
-
university diploma (大学毕业证书)
-
diploma mill ([美口]文凭制造工厂;野鸡大学;不入流学校)
- a High School diploma (高中毕业文凭)
- graduation certificate, leaving certificate (毕业证书,学位证书;公文,文书;奖状)
1866. indispensable
,indis'pensəbl 必不可少的,必需的
- Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of our lives. (移动电话已经成为我们生活中的必需品。)
- obbligato (不可缺少的;绝对必要的;责无旁贷的)
1867. sullen
'sʌlən 绷着脸不高兴的
- Bill sat in sullen silence and refused to eat his lunch. (比尔一声不响,闷闷不乐地坐着,不肯吃午饭。)
- heavy, mumpish (愠怒的,不高兴的;(天气)阴沉的;沉闷的)
1868. bandage
'bændidʒ 绷带,包带
- elastic bandage (弹性绷带;橡胶绷带)
- We put some ointment and a bandage on his knee. (我们在他的膝盖上涂了些药膏,还缠了一条绷带。)
- fascia, ligature ([医]绷带)
1869. breakdown
'breikdaun 崩溃,倒塌,失败
-
breakdown voltage ([电]击穿电压)
-
work breakdown (工作分解)
-
work breakdown structure (工作分解结构)
-
nervous breakdown (精神崩溃)
-
breakdown strength (破坏强度;击穿强度)
-
electric breakdown (电破坏;电击穿;绝缘破坏)
-
dielectric breakdown (介质击穿)
-
breakdown maintenance (停工检修,故障维修)
-
breakdown time (停工时间;击穿时间;破坏时期)
-
electrical breakdown (绝缘破坏,电击穿;电网失电)
-
breakdown point (破坏点;强度极限;击穿点)
-
insulation breakdown (绝缘击穿)
-
cost breakdown (成本分析;成本明细表;成本数量预算)
-
A sudden rise in oil prices could lead to a breakdown of the economy. (油价暴涨会导致经济崩溃。)
-
The breakdown of the negotiations was not unexpected. (谈判的失败是预料之中的事。)
- fault, analysis, classification, category, trouble (故障;崩溃;分解;分类;衰弱;跺脚曳步舞)
1870. essence
'esəns 本质,本体
-
in essence (本质上;其实;大体上)
-
of the essence (非常重要的)
-
essence of beauty (美的本质)
-
essence of chicken (鸡精)
- In essence his message was very simple. (实质上他想表达的意思很简单。)
- substance, truth, principle, entity, texture (本质,实质;精华;[化工]香精)
1871. captive
'kæptiv 被俘虏的
- captive audience (受制而走不开的听众或观众)
-
captive soldiers (被俘的士兵)
-
His son had been taken captive (= became a prisoner ) during the raid. (他的儿子在这次突袭中被劫持了。)
-
spellbound (被俘虏的;被迷住的)
-
prisoner (俘虏;迷恋者)
1872. reverse
ri'və:s 背面,反面
-
in reverse (adv. 相反,向相反方向,倒(退),逆(行、转等))
-
reverse engineering (逆向工程)
-
reverse osmosis (反渗透,逆向渗透)
-
reverse side (背面,反面)
-
reverse circulation (反循环;逆行循环)
-
reverse flow (逆流,反向流;资本倒流)
-
reverse order ([计]倒序)
-
reverse direction (反向)
-
reverse engineer (反向工程,还原工程;逆向工程)
-
reverse transcriptase (逆转录酶;反转录酶)
-
reverse osmosis membrane (反渗透膜;逆渗透膜)
-
reverse voltage (反向电压)
-
forward and reverse (正反向)
-
reverse process (反转过程)
-
peak reverse voltage (反峰电压;反向峰值电压)
-
reverse current (反向电流)
-
reverse rotation (反转)
-
reverse mortgage (反向抵押贷款;反向抵押;反向贷款;倒按揭)
-
reverse fault (逆断层;逆向断层)
-
just the reverse (正好相反,恰恰相反)
- The British ten-pence coin has a lion on the reverse. (英国十便士硬币的背面图案是一头狮子。)
-
failure, loss, contrary, losing, defeat (相反;背面;倒退;失败)
-
bottom up, head over heels (颠倒;倒转)
-
upside-down, perversive (反面的;颠倒的)
-
retrogress, step backward (倒退;逆叫)
1873. deviation
,di:vi'eiʃən 背离,偏离;偏差
-
standard deviation (标准偏差)
-
relative standard deviation (相对标准偏差;相对标准差)
-
deviation angle (偏向角)
-
frequency deviation (频率偏移)
-
absolute deviation (绝对偏差)
-
mean square deviation (均方离差;标准差)
-
negative deviation (n. 负偏差;反向偏差)
-
average deviation (平均误差,平均离差;均差)
-
angular deviation (角度偏差;角偏移;角偏向)
-
deviation factor (偏差系数;歧离因数)
-
deviation value (偏差值,偏移值;偏差量)
-
thickness deviation (厚度公差)
-
deviation compensation (偏差补偿,误差补偿)
-
vertical deviation (垂向位移;垂线偏差)
-
allowable deviation (容许偏差;允许误差)
-
phase deviation (相位偏差)
-
mean deviation (平均偏差;平均偏移;均差)
-
mean absolute deviation (平均绝对偏差)
-
lateral deviation (横向偏差;水平偏斜;侧向偏离)
-
deviation from the normal procedure (背离正常的程序)
-
a compass deviation of 5˚ (= from true north) (罗盘偏差5度(相对正北而言))
- differences, error (偏差;误差;背离)
1874. arctic
'ɑ:ktik 北极的
'ɑ:ktik 北极
-
arctic ocean (n. 北冰洋)
-
arctic circle (北极圈)
-
arctic sea (北冰洋(等于北极海))
-
arctic fox (n. 北极狐,白狐)
-
arctic region (北极地区)
-
arctic climate (北极气候)
-
arctic tundra (北极冻原;北极苔原;藓苔湿原)
-
the Arctic island of Novaya Zemlya (北极的新地岛)
-
winter in the Arctic (北极的冬天。)
-
hyperboloidal, gelid (北极的;极寒的)
-
the Arctic Circle (北极圈;御寒防水套鞋)
1875. tragic
'trædʒik 悲惨的;悲剧的
-
tragic hero (悲剧英雄;英雄好汉)
-
tragic atmosphere (悲剧气氛)
-
The parents were not to blame for the tragic death of their son. (儿子的惨死不是他父母的错。)
-
a great tragic actor (一名伟大的悲剧演员)
- evil, unfortunate (悲剧的;悲痛的,不幸的)
1876. woe
wəu 悲哀,悲痛,苦恼
- weal and woe (祸福)
- He listened to my tale of woe. (他听了我悲伤的故事。)
-
disaster, sadness, tragedy, grief (悲哀,悲痛;灾难)
-
alas, gosh (唉(表示痛苦,悲伤或悔恨))
1877. grief
ɡri:f 悲哀,悲痛,悲伤
-
come to grief (遭难,失败)
-
good grief (哎呀!天哪!(表示诧异, 吃惊, 恐惧的感叹语))
- The grief she felt over Helen’s death was almost unbearable. (她因海伦的去世而悲痛难当。)
- disaster, evil (悲痛;忧伤;不幸)
1878. firework
'faiəwə:k 爆竹,花炮,烟火
- firework display (放焰火;烟火)
-
a New Year’s Eve fireworks display (除夕夜的烟火表演)
-
Jeff and David were in the back yard setting off fireworks. (杰夫和戴维在后院放烟花。)
- protechny, sparkler (烟火;激烈情绪)
1879. storm
stɔ:m 爆发
stɔ:m 猛攻
-
tropical storm (热带风暴)
-
dust storm (尘暴)
-
storm surge (风暴潮;风暴汹涌)
-
sand storm (沙暴)
-
weather the storm (渡过难关)
-
brain storm (n. 头脑风暴;灵机一动,集体研讨)
-
snow storm (暴风雪,雪暴)
-
storm tide (风暴潮)
-
storm water (雨水;暴雨水)
-
wind storm (风暴)
-
violent storm (暴风;十一级风)
-
heavy storm (暴风雨)
-
severe storm (暴风;强烈风暴)
-
thunder storm (n. 雷雨)
-
ice storm (n. 冰暴)
-
rain storm (暴雨)
-
lightning storm (n. 雷雨(等于thunderstorm))
-
up a storm ([口语])
-
desert storm (沙漠风暴(指1990年以美国为首的多国部队针对伊拉克侵占科威特而发动的军事进攻))
-
storm in a teacup (小题大做;小事引起的大风波)
-
The governor found himself at the center of a political storm . (州长发现自己处于一场政治风暴的中心。)
-
An angry crowd stormed the embassy. (愤怒的人群突然袭击大使馆。)
-
earthquake, rainstorm ([气象]暴风雨;大动荡)
-
be on the rampage ([气象]起风暴;横冲直撞;狂怒咆哮)
-
tear into, charge at (猛攻;怒骂)
1880. tyranny
'tirəni 暴政,专制;残暴
-
organizations which have criticized the tyrannies of the government (批判政府暴政的组织)
-
Gorky was often the victim of his grandfather’s tyranny. (高尔基经常是他祖父专横管制的受害者。)
- peremptoriness, misrule (暴政;专横;严酷;残暴的行为(需用复数))
1881. wrath
rɔθ, ræθ, rɑ:θ 暴怒,狂怒,愤慨
- wrath of god (神的忿怒;神之愤怒;上帝的惩罚)
- He was scared of incurring his father’s wrath . (他害怕惹他父亲大发脾气。)
- anger, rage (愤怒;激怒)
1882. tyrant
'tairənt 暴君;专制君主
- The country had long been ruled by tyrants. (这个国家长期受暴君统治。)
- Pharaoh, Caesar (暴君)
1883. panther
'pænθə 豹,黑豹;美洲狮
- black panther (黑豹)
- leopard, pard ([脊椎]豹;黑豹;美洲豹)
1884. leopard
'lepəd 豹
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snow leopard (雪豹)
-
clouded leopard (云豹)
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leopard cat (豹猫)
- The young leopard separated from its mother would be eaten by other beast. (与母亲离散的幼豹很可能被其他的野兽吃掉。)
- panther, puma, pard ([脊椎]豹;美洲豹)
1885. grumble
抱怨,发牢骚
- grumble at (对…表示不满;抱怨…)
- ‘This is boring,’ Kathleen grumbled. (“这真无聊。”凯瑟琳抱怨道。)
-
beef about, repine (抱怨;嘟囔)
-
earful, querimony (怨言)
-
mouth (喃喃地说出)
1886. announce
ə'nauns 报告…的来到
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All visitors to the apartment building must be announced. (那幢公寓楼的访客都必须通报。)
-
After announcing himself at the reception desk, James was led upstairs. (在接待处通报姓名后,詹姆斯被领上楼去。)
- indicate, bill, forecast, shadow (宣布;述说;预示;播报)
1887. vengeance
'vendʒəns 报复,报仇,复仇
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with a vengeance (adv. 猛烈地;极度地)
-
take vengeance on someone (向某人报复)
-
a desire for vengeance (复仇的愿望)
-
a vow of vengeance (复仇的誓言)
-
an act of vengeance (复仇的行为)
- revenge, revanche (复仇;报复;报仇)
1888. fortress
'fɔ:tris 堡垒,要塞
- a 13th-century fortress (一座13世纪的城堡)
- tower, bastion (堡垒;要塞)
1889. assurance
保证
-
quality assurance (质量保证;品质保证)
-
assurance company (保险公司)
-
life assurance (n. 人寿保险;(保险公司付给的)人寿保险金;(被保险人缴纳的)人寿保险费)
-
assurance coefficient (安全系数,保险系数;保证系数)
- Despite my repeated assurances, Rob still looked very nervous. (尽管我再三保证,罗布看起来还是很紧张。)
- certification, insurance, commitment, guarantee, safety (保证;保险;确信;断言)
1890. fuse
fju:z 保险丝;导火线
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fuse box (保险丝盒)
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blasting fuse (导爆线;导火线)
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have a short fuse ([美国口语]容易激动,脾气急躁,动辄发怒)
-
short fuse ([美俚]暴躁性子;火爆脾气)
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blow a fuse (使保险丝熔断;大怒)
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fuse holder (熔丝架,保险丝支架)
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fuse protection (熔断保护)
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detonating fuse (n. 导爆索;引爆信管)
-
fuse together (熔合)
-
two 13 amp fuses (两根13安培的保险丝)
-
A bomb was deactivated at the last moment, after the fuse had been lit. (一枚炸弹在导火线已被点燃后的最后一刻被解除。)
-
flux, melt down (融合;熔化,熔融)
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melt, flux (使融合;使熔化,使熔融)
-
signal, safety wire ([电]保险丝;[军][矿业]导火线,雷管)
1891. reservation
,rezə'veiʃən 预定,预订;保留意见
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hotel reservation (酒店预订;订旅馆)
-
make a reservation (预定(房间、票);预约)
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without reservation (无保留地)
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ticket reservation (预订票,订座)
-
make reservation (预订)
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on the reservation (◎[美国、加拿大英语]在(印第安人)居留地之内)
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with reservation (附有权益保留;有保留地)
-
mental reservation (对某项声明所持的保留)
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a dinner reservation (预订晚餐)
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I had serious reservations about his appointment as captain. (我对任命他为船长持郑重的保留态度。)
- preservation, booking, hold, retention (预约,预订;保留)
1892. safeguard
'seifɡɑ:d 保护措施
-
safeguard mechanism (保障机制)
-
safeguard against (防范;预防)
-
International safeguards prevent the increase of nuclear weapons. (国际安全条约防止核武器数量增加。)
-
safeguards against the exploitation of children (避免儿童遭受剥削的保护措施)
-
protection, lee, conservation ([安全]保护;保卫;保护措施)
-
secure, preserve, shelter ([安全]保护,护卫)
1893. preservation
,prezə'veiʃən 保存,储藏;保持
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heat preservation (保温)
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food preservation (食物保藏)
-
heritage preservation (遗产维护)
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preservation measures (保全措施)
-
cold preservation (冷藏)
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wood preservation (木材防腐)
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preservation of cultural relics (文物保护)
-
methods of food preservation (保存食物的各种方法)
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the preservation of peace in the region (维护该地区的和平)
- conservation, hold, retention, reservation (保存,保留)
1894. saturation
,sætʃə'reiʃən 饱和(状态);浸透
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water saturation (含水饱和度)
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oxygen saturation (氧饱和;氧饱和度)
-
saturation point (饱和点)
-
degree of saturation ([化]饱和度)
-
magnetic saturation (磁性饱和)
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color saturation (色彩饱和度)
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saturation voltage ([电]饱和电压)
-
saturation magnetization ([计]饱和磁化,磁饱和)
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saturation pressure (饱和压力)
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market saturation ([经]市场饱和)
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saturation effect (饱和效应)
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saturation state (饱和状态)
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saturation temperature (饱和温度;饱和点)
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saturation vapor pressure (饱和蒸气压;饱和蒸汽压;饱和水蒸汽压)
-
saturation current ([计]饱和电流)
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saturation value ((颜色)饱和度数值)
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saturation deficit (饱和差;饱和不足量;饱和亏缺)
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saturation level (饱和电平;饱和度)
-
saturation intensity (饱和磁化强度)
- a business beset by price wars and market saturation (= the fact that no new customers can be found) (一家受价格战和市场饱和困扰的企业)
- percolation, soakage ([经][物][化学]饱和;[光]色饱和度;浸透;磁化饱和)
1895. mist
mist 薄雾
mist 下薄雾
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water mist (水雾)
-
oil mist ([化]油雾)
-
through the mist (透过迷雾)
-
acid mist (酸雾)
-
mist eliminator (除雾器;捕沫器)
-
salt mist (盐雾)
- We could just see the outline of the house through the mist. (薄雾中我们只能看到房子的轮廓。)
-
gauze ([气象]薄雾;视线模糊不清;模糊不清之物)
-
fog (下雾;变模糊)
-
fog, obfuscate (使模糊;使蒙上薄雾)
1896. chip
薄片,碎片
-
single chip (单晶片)
-
blue chip (蓝筹股;优值股票;高值筹码)
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single chip computer (单片计算机)
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chip in (捐助;插嘴;下赌注)
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silicon chip (硅片)
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in the chips (富有)
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wood chip (木片,木屑)
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memory chip (存储器片)
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bargaining chip (谈判的筹码;讨价还价的筹码)
-
ic chip (集成电路芯片)
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flip chip (倒装法;覆晶技术)
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one chip (单晶片)
-
chip area (切屑通道;基片面积)
-
potato chip (n. 炸土豆片)
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semiconductor chip (半导体芯片)
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chip breaker (木屑压碎机;石片压碎机)
-
chip off (切下;削去)
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chip set (晶片组)
-
chip shop (油炸食品店(卖炸鱼或炸土豆条))
-
chip away at (削弱;损害;一点点地除掉;从…抽去实质性的东西)
-
Wood chips covered the floor of the workshop. (工场的地板上满是木屑。)
-
a chocolate chip cookie (= one that contains small pieces of chocolate ) (碎粒巧克力饼干)
-
pele, whittle (削,凿;削成碎片)
-
shell, flake off (剥落;碎裂)
-
debris, patch ([电子]芯片;筹码;碎片)
1897. inclusive
in'klu:siv 包括的
-
inclusive of (把…包括在内)
-
all inclusive (无所不包的;包括一切的;总括)
-
The fully inclusive fare for the trip is £22. (这次出行的全部费用为22英镑。)
-
The rent is £120 a week, inclusive of heating. (房租连暖气费在内是每星期120英镑。)
- containing, encompassing (包括的,包含的)
1898. siege
si:dʒ 包围,围攻,围困
-
under siege (被包围)
-
lay siege to (包围,围攻;努力追求)
-
raise the siege (停止围攻;解围)
-
The siege lasted almost four months. (这次封锁历时近四个月。)
-
a three-day police siege at a remote country cottage (警方对一座偏僻村舍历时三天的包围)
-
besiegement, encirclement (围攻;包围;围城;不断袭击;长期努力)
-
invest, case (围攻;包围)
1899. embrace
im'breis 包括,包含
- warm embrace (温暖的拥抱)
- This course embraces several different aspects of psychology. (这门课程涉及心理学的几个不同方面。)
-
involve, contain (拥抱;信奉,皈依;包含)
-
hug, cuddle (拥抱)
-
hug (拥抱)