4300_TOEFL词汇

4300. antecedent

,ænti'si:dənt 先行的

,ænti'si:dənt 祖先

🎤例句
  • That's an antecedent standard. Moral desert. (道德应得,那是一个先行标准。)

  • Some patients state that lesions develop at the site of antecedent trauma. (一些患者指出,病灶出现在先前的创伤部位。)

  • The user can then explore the lattice by using specified criteria, such as support and confidence bounds, or by placing restrictions on the antecedent sequence. (用户然后可以使用指定的条件(比如支持和置信界限),或在先前的序列上设置限制来分析该格子。)

🤔同义词
  • father, root (前情;先行词;祖先)

  • advance, prodromal (先行的;前驱的;先前的)

4301. stake

steik 树桩

🤩短语
  • at stake (危如累卵;处于危险中;在紧要关头)

  • stake someone to something (为某人取得某物而提供金钱(或援助),资助某人取得某物)

  • equity stake (股权)

  • go to the stake (◎(被绑在火刑柱上)受火刑)

  • have a stake in (与…利害攸关)

  • stake out (监视;立桩标出;派警察监视)

  • stake on (在...上打赌;把赌注押在...上面)

🎤例句
  • tent stakes (帐篷桩)
🤔同义词
  • bonus, dividend (桩,棍子;赌注;火刑;奖金)

  • encourage, carry, fund, second, back (资助,支持;系…于桩上;把…押下打赌)

  • lay, make a bet (打赌)

4302. disloyalty

dis'lɔiəlti 不忠实

🎤例句
  • Charges had already been made against certain officials suspected of disloyalty. (已对某些被怀疑有不忠行为的官员提出指控。)
🤔同义词
  • unfaithfulness, falseness (不忠实;不义,不贞;背信弃义)

4303. certainty

'sə:tənti 确定, 确实的事情

🤩短语
  • with certainty (确定无疑地)

  • to a certainty (必定,肯定)

  • for a certainty (确实,确定无疑地)

  • certainty factor (可信度;确定性因素)

🎤例句
  • The result is impossible to predict with any degree of certainty . (这一结果完全无法确切预测。)
🤔同义词
  • very like a whale, inerrability (必然;确实;确实的事情)

4304. nystatin

'nistətin, nis'tætin [微]制霉菌素

🎤例句
  • Localised disease may be treated at first with relatively inexpensive drugs such as nystatin, miconazole or clotrimazole. (治疗局部感染可先使用较为便宜的药物,如制霉菌素、咪康唑或克霉唑等。)

  • The results of drug sensitivity showed that amphotericin (AMB) and nystatin (NYS) were the most sensitive and flucytosine (5- Fc ) was the most resistant (54.2%). (药敏结果显示,药物敏感性最高为两性霉素(AMB)和制霉菌素(NYS),耐药性最高的为5-氟胞嘧啶(54.2%)。)

🤔同义词
  • fungicidin ([药]制真菌素,制霉菌素)

4305. compile

kəm'pail 编译, 编辑

🤩短语
  • compile time (编译时间)
🎤例句
  • The document was compiled by the Department of Health. (这份文件是由卫生部汇编的。)
🤔同义词
  • to edit, copy-edit (编译;编制;编辑;[图情]汇编)

4306. prodigious

prəu'didʒəs 巨大的, 惊人的

🎤例句
  • the artist’s prodigious output (那位艺术家惊人的高产)
🤔同义词
  • tremendous, wonderful, huge, enormous, massive (惊人的,异常的,奇妙的;巨大的)

4307. mural

'mjuərəl 墙壁的 n壁画

🤩短语
  • mural painting (壁画)
🎤例句
  • This work is clearly connected with The Last Supper: the Christ has the same ethereal and elusive quality as the faded figure at the centre of Leonardo's sublime mural. (这幅画显然和《最后的晚餐》有某种关联:画中的基督,和达·芬奇最伟大的壁画中心那已褪色的基督形象一样,同样空灵缥缈。)
🤔同义词
  • wall (墙壁的)

  • wall painting, painting in fresco ([建]壁画;(美)壁饰)

4308. fountain

'fauntin 喷泉

🤩短语
  • fountain pen (n. 钢笔)

  • water fountain (饮水器;供应饮用水之处)

  • fountain of youth (青春之泉)

  • soda fountain (冷饮柜台,冷饮小卖部)

  • drinking fountain (n. (设于公共场所的)自动饮水器)

🎤例句
  • ...the fountains on the 16th Street Mall. (…第16街商业区的喷泉。)
🤔同义词
  • principle, well ([地质]喷泉,泉水;源泉)

4309. gatherer

'gæðərə 收集者, 收集器

🎤例句
  • information gatherers (信息收集者)
🤔同义词
  • divertor, holding tank (采集者,收集器)

4310. shoemaking

'ʃu:,meikiŋ 制鞋

🎤例句
  • In fact, he once took a hiatus from acting to study shoemaking. (事实上,他曾经一度中断演艺生涯跑去学习制鞋。)

  • Iran's main shoemaking federation also offered to supply a lifetime of shoes to Zaidi, who remains in a Baghdad jail awaiting trial. (伊朗制鞋协会还向扎一迪奉送了“终身鞋”,然而扎一迪却在巴格达一所监狱等待着审判。)

  • The Frenchman began his shoemaking career at Les Compagnons du Tour de France, a venerable crafts guild. (这名法国人的制鞋生涯从知名的手工业协会──法国传统艺师培训所(Les Compagnons du Tour de France)开始。)

4311. electrically

i'lektrikəli 用电力;有关电地

🤩短语
  • electrically operated (电动操作的)

  • electrically connected (电气性连接)

  • electrically operated valve (电动阀)

4312. generous

'dʒenərəs 慷慨的,丰富的

🤩短语
  • be generous with (用…很大方)

  • be generous in (乐于……)

🎤例句
  • a generous glass of wine (一大杯葡萄酒)
🤔同义词
  • handsome, liberal (慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的)

4313. sprawl

sprɔ:l 伸开

🤩短语
  • urban sprawl (城市扩张;都市向郊区扩张的现象)
🎤例句
  • He sprawled out on the sofa. (他摊开手脚躺在沙发上。)

  • I tripped on a stone and went sprawling on the pavement. (我被一块石头绊了一下,四仰八叉地摔在人行道上。)

  • a blow which sent him sprawling (打得他四脚朝天的一拳)

🤔同义词
  • creep, to spread (蔓延;伸开手足躺;无计划地扩展)

  • sprig (懒散地伸开;使蔓生)

  • rampancy (蔓生;伸开手足躺卧姿势)

4314. petal

花瓣

🎤例句
  • rose petals (玫瑰花瓣)

  • The flower has seven petals. (这种花有七片花瓣。)

4315. technologically

,teknə'lɔdʒikli 科技地

🎤例句
  • However, if the inhabitants are technologically inferior, you should find a small tribe of primitives as soon as possible. (然而,如果这些居民的科技次于地球,你应该尽快找到一个小的原始部落。)

4316. proportionately

prə'pɔ:ʃənit 相称地, 成比例地

🤔同义词
  • appropriately, commensurately (相称地,成比例地)

4317. germanium

dʒə:'meiniəm

🎤例句
  • It s also the first germanium laser to operate at room temperature. (这同样也是第一速在室温下得到控制的锗激光。)

  • The researchers inject pairs of electrons and holes into the germanium. (研究者们注射成对的电子和凹陷到锗中。)

  • Changing the angle and length of the bonds between germanium atoms also changed the energies required to kick their electrons into the conduction band. (改变锗原子的连接角度和长度的同时,将它们的电子踢到传导带所需的能量也变化了。)

4318. likelihood

'laiklihud 可能(性)

🤩短语
  • maximum likelihood (极大似然;最大似然率)

  • likelihood ratio (概率比;似然率)

  • likelihood estimation (似然估算)

  • maximum likelihood estimation (最大似然估计;最大相似估计法)

  • in all likelihood (adv. 十分可能)

  • likelihood function (似然函数)

  • maximum likelihood estimator (最大似然估计值;极大似然估计量;最大概似推定量)

🎤例句
  • If I refused, it would in all likelihood mean I’d lose my job. (如果我拒绝,那我十有八九会丢掉工作。)
🤔同义词
  • possibility, probability, feasibility, potential, maybe (可能性,可能)

4319. charter

'tʃɑ'tə 租 n宪章

🤩短语
  • charter party (佣船契约;包船契约;租船方)

  • olympic charter (奥林匹克宪章)

  • charter flight (包机)

  • time charter (定期租船契约)

  • corporate charter (公司执照;公司注册证)

  • bareboat charter (空船租赁)

  • charter school (特许学校,契约学校;委办学校)

  • voyage charter (程租船;计程包船;航程佣船)

  • royal charter (皇家宪章(英国法律))

  • atlantic charter (n. 大西洋宪章)

  • great charter (大宪章(等于Magna Charta))

🎤例句
  • We chartered a boat to take us to some of the smaller islands. (我们包了一条船带我们到一些较小的岛上去。)
🤔同义词
  • license (特许;[车辆][航]包租;发给特许执照)

  • license, patent, permit (宪章;执照;特许状)

4320. threshold

'θreʃhəuld 门槛, 开端

🤩短语
  • threshold value ([计]阈值;门限值;界限值)

  • damage threshold (损伤阈值,损坏阈)

  • pain threshold ([生理]痛阈)

  • threshold voltage (阈值电压;[物]阈电压)

  • on the threshold of (在...的开端)

  • threshold current ([电]阈值电流)

  • lower threshold (n. 下辨别阈)

  • detection threshold (探测限界,检测阈)

  • threshold level (阈电平)

  • threshold effect (门槛效应;识阈效应)

  • visual threshold (视觉阈)

  • tax threshold (所得税起征点)

  • hearing threshold (听阈)

  • alarm threshold (报警阈值;警戒点)

  • threshold energy (能限;阈能)

  • excitation threshold (兴奋阈;激励阈值)

  • threshold dose ([放射]阈剂量)

🎤例句
  • She opened the door and stepped across the threshold. (她打开门,跨过门槛。)
🤔同义词
  • entry, conception, limitation, beginning, opening (入口;[建]门槛;开始;极限;临界值)

4321. sparse

spɑ:s 稀少的, 稀疏的

🤩短语
  • sparse matrix ([数]稀疏矩阵)
🎤例句
  • his sparse brown hair (他那稀疏的棕色头发)

  • rural areas with sparse populations (人口稀少的农村地区)

🤔同义词
  • exiguous, infrequent (稀疏的;稀少的)

4322. statuary

'stætjuəri, -tʃu,eri 雕象

🎤例句
  • a fine collection of Greek statuary (一批精美的希腊雕塑藏品)
🤔同义词
  • effigy (雕像;雕像艺术)

4323. hypha

'haifə [植]菌丝

🎤例句
  • The state in certain fungi in which each compartment of a hypha contains two nuclei, each derived from a different parent. (双核某种真菌中的状态,在这种真菌中,每个菌丝体都含有两个核,而每个核都是从不同的母体上衍生的。)

  • Dextrose and maltose was the best carbon source, while asparagine (Asn)was the optimum nitrogen source for both hypha growth and spore bearing. (葡萄糖和麦芽糖为菌丝生长和产孢的最佳碳源。 天冬酰胺是菌丝生长和孢子产生的最佳氮源。)

  • Effect of dews on cucumber leaves and juice of cucumber leaves of different varieties on the ratio of germination, quantity of sprout and length of hypha was different. (不同黄瓜品种叶表露珠及叶片研磨液对分生孢子萌发率、 芽管数量、菌丝长短有显著影响。)

🤔同义词
  • mycelia (菌丝)

4324. farsighted

'fɑ:'saitid 有先见之明的, 远视的

🎤例句
  • Haven't farsighted economists been telling us that in the future we will work less, not more? (有远见的经济学家们不是一直在告诉我们,将来我们会工作得更少而不是更多吗?)
🤔同义词
  • forward-looking, sagacious (有远见的;能看到远处的)

4325. fatten

'fætn 养肥;使肥沃

🎤例句
  • They have kept the price of sugar artificially high and so fattened the company's profits. (他们一直人为地使糖价居高不下,以此为公司牟利。)
🤔同义词
  • enrich, fat up (养肥;使肥沃;使充实)

  • fat up, make a pile (养肥;(靠…)发财)

4326. spit

spit 唾液 v吐(唾沫)

🤩短语
  • spit it out (vt. 痛痛快快地讲出来)

  • spit out (吐出)

  • spit on (向…吐唾沫)

  • spit upon (对……表示侮辱;向……吐唾沫)

  • spit at (向…吐唾沫;对…表示藐视)

  • spit up (vt. 喷出,吐出)

  • spit and polish (n. (陆、海军等)过分注意整洁和闪亮的仪容;对服装过分的擦洗)

🎤例句
  • And ink from soot and spit. (墨水用煤灰和唾液来做。)

  • But is it even possible not to spit during a match? (但是,在比赛中间一口唾沫都不吐,这可能么?)

🤔同义词
  • golly (吐痰;吐口水;发出劈啪声)

  • release, project, let go (吐,吐出;发出;发射)

  • saliva, slabber (唾液)

4327. crawl

krɔ:l 爬行, 蠕动

🤩短语
  • crawl space (慢行通过的空间;供电线或水管等通过的槽隙)
🎤例句
  • The traffic had slowed to a crawl. (车辆放慢速度,缓缓行进。)
🤔同义词
  • creep (爬行;匍匐行进)

  • creep, aquarium (爬行;[水产]养鱼池;匍匐而行)

4328. cautious

'kɔ:ʃəs 谨慎的, 小心的

🤩短语
  • cautious about (谨慎于…)

  • be cautious of (留心…;谨防…)

🎤例句
  • a cautious driver (一位谨慎的司机)

  • a cautious approach to the crisis (处理危机的谨慎态度)

  • The air-pollution board has reacted with cautious optimism to the announcement. (空气污染委员会对这项通告表示谨慎乐观。)

🤔同义词
  • prudent, wary (谨慎的;十分小心的)

4329. expanse

ik'spæns 广阔;宽阔的区域

🎤例句
  • The Mandarin Oriental's pool is small in real life, suitable only for a quick dip… nothing like the vast, blue expanse of water in the marketing photo. (文华东方的游泳池在现实中是很小的,只适合快速浸泡一下......一点都不像宣传照片上那一大片宽阔的蓝色水域。)
🤔同义词
  • openness, broadness (宽阔;广阔的区域;苍天;膨胀扩张)

4330. dawn

dɔ:n 黎明 vi破晓,开始出现

🤩短语
  • at dawn (拂晓;天一亮)

  • before dawn (凌晨;黎明前;拂晓)

  • dawn on (开始被理解;渐渐明白)

  • crack of dawn (n. 破晓;黎明)

🎤例句
  • When dawn broke (= the first light of the day appeared ) , we were still 50 miles from Calcutta. (破晓的时候,我们离加尔各答还有50英里。)

  • I was up at the crack of dawn (= very early in the morning ) to get the plane. (我一大早就起来赶飞机。)

  • We worked from dawn to dusk (= through the whole day while it is light ) . (我们从早干到晚。)

  • the cold light of dawn (清冷的晨曦)

🤔同义词
  • morning, origin ([天]黎明;开端)

  • come out, break of day (破晓;出现;被领悟)

4331. pram

prɑ:m, præm 婴儿车

🎤例句
  • a young woman pushing a pram (推着婴儿车的年轻女子)
🤔同义词
  • baby-car, baby carriers (婴儿车;送牛奶用的手推车)

4332. purify

'pjuərifai 使纯净

🎤例句
  • chemicals used to purify the water (用于净化水质的化学品)
🤔同义词
  • cleanse, decontaminate (净化;使纯净)

  • fine purification, purge (净化;变纯净)

4333. wonderful

精彩的, 极好的

🤩短语
  • wonderful life (美妙人生(电视剧))

  • have a wonderful time (玩得快活极了)

  • wonderful memories (许多美好的记忆)

🎤例句
  • The cold, misty air felt wonderful on his face. (那凉凉的雾气使他脸上感觉好极了。)

  • It's wonderful to see you. (见到你好极了。)

🤔同义词
  • excellent, famous, super, great, class (奇妙的;极好的)

4334. Sanskrit

'sænskrit 梵语(的)

🎤例句
  • They got the name from Persian who in turn got it from Sanskrit, from the Indians themselves. (他们从波斯人那里得知的名字,而波斯人是依次从梵文、从印第安人他们自己得知的名字。)

  • An ancient Sanskrit saying says, woman is the home and the home is the basis of society. It is as we build our homes that we can build our country. (一个古梵文谚语说,女人是家而家是社会的基础就像我们能建设自己的家园我们才能建设我们的国家。)

4335. orbital

'ɔ:bitəl 轨道的

🤩短语
  • molecular orbital (分子轨道)

  • orbital elements (轨道要素;轨道根数;轨道参数;轨道元)

  • orbital angular momentum (轨道角动量)

  • orbital module (轨道舱)

  • hybrid orbital ([化]杂化轨道)

  • orbital motion (轨道运动,轨道运行)

  • frontier orbital (前沿轨道)

  • atomic orbital (原子轨道;原子轨函数)

🎤例句
  • the Earth’s orbital path (地球的运行轨道)

4336. quit

kwit 离开, 辞职

🤩短语
  • quit smoking (戒烟)
🎤例句
  • He quit his job after an argument with a colleague. (他和一个同事争吵后就辞职了。)

  • I quit school at 16. (我十六岁辍学。)

  • She has decided to quit show business. (她已决定退出娱乐圈。)

  • People are now calling on the chairman to quit. (人们现在正要求主席辞职。)

🤔同义词
  • yield, desert, split, get out (离开;放弃;停止;使…解除)

  • split, get out (离开;[劳经]辞职;停止)

  • leaving, Gone away (离开;[计]退出)

4337. confront

kən'frʌnt 面临, 对抗

🤩短语
  • confront with (使面临)
🎤例句
  • The problems confronting the new government were enormous. (新政府面临的难题是巨大的。)
🤔同义词
  • front, compare (面对;遭遇;比较)

4338. bison

'baisən (美洲)野牛

🎤例句
  • Sixty acres of woods and ponds are home to camels, zebra, bison, water buffalo, ostrich and antelope. (六十英亩的森林和池塘是骆驼,斑马,野牛,水牛,鸵鸟和羚羊的家园。)

  • But the biggest obstacle is the ranchers themselves, whose cattle compete with prairie dogs and bison for grass and space. (但最大的阻碍来自牧场主本身,他们的牲畜与土拨鼠和野牛们竞争着草场和空间。)

  • Watching bison up close is mesmerizing, like watching a grass fire about to leap out of control. (近距离观察野牛会使人生疑,就像看到一场失控的大火即将恣肆于草原。)

🤔同义词
  • aurochs, wisent (北美野牛;欧洲野牛)

4339. sideways

'saidweiz 旁的, 横向的

🤔同义词
  • laterad (向侧面地;向一旁)

4340. hyksos

希克索斯王朝(古埃及王朝之一)

4341. arduous

'ɑ:djuəs 费力的, 辛勤的

🤩短语
  • make arduous efforts (v. 努力奋斗)
🤔同义词
  • hard, rapid, bold, struggling (努力的;费力的;险峻的)

4342. boulder

'bəuldə 大石头

🎤例句
  • Imagine trying to balance a chest of drawers on just one of its legs, on top of a boulder, and you get an idea of what Gray gets up to. (想像自己尝试仅仅依靠衣柜的一个腿把它平稳地放到一个大圆石上,你就知道格雷达到了什么境界。)
🤔同义词
  • ratchel, grait ([建]卵石,大圆石;[地质]巨砾)

4343. saint

seint 圣人, 圣徒

🤩短语
  • patron saint (n. 守护神;保护圣徒)

  • saint louis (圣路易斯(美国的港口城市);圣路易斯河)

  • saint valentine's day (n. 情人节)

  • saint john (圣约翰;圣约翰市)

  • saint paul (圣保罗(美国明尼苏达州首府);门徒保罗(BBC纪录片))

  • saint petersburg (圣彼德堡(俄罗斯城市))

  • saint lucia (圣卢西亚岛(位于东加勒比海))

  • yves saint laurent (伊夫·圣·洛朗(著名服装设计师,创立同名服装品牌))

  • saint bernard (n. 圣伯纳德狗(瑞士阿尔卑斯山僧侣饲养的一种狗))

  • saint patrick's day (圣巴特里克节)

  • saint seiya (圣斗士星矢(动漫名称))

  • saint george (圣乔治(英格兰的守护神))

  • saint vincent (圣文森特岛(位于西印度群岛东南部))

  • saint patrick (圣帕特里克(爱尔兰传说中守护者))

🎤例句
  • Saint Patrick (圣帕特里克)

  • Statues of saints lined the walls of the church. (教堂的墙边立着一排圣徒像。)

🤔同义词
  • sadu, sadhu (圣人;圣徒;道德崇高的人)

  • sacred, divine, blessed, godly (神圣的)

4344. bathhouse

'bɑ:θhaus 公共浴室, 澡堂,

🎤例句
  • For personal hygiene, Wang and her family go to a public bathhouse in the neighborhood. (至于个人卫生问题,王秀丽一家去附近的公共澡堂洗澡。)

  • After stints carrying sacks on a construction site and selling lamb kebabs in the street, she ended up as a masseuse in a public bathhouse earning $60 a month. (她曾在工地搬砖,在大街上卖过羊肉串,后来成为公共澡堂的女按摩师,月收入60美元。)

🤔同义词
  • changing room, changeroom (澡堂;更衣室;公共浴室)

4345. dilute

dai'lju:t, di- 稀释,冲淡

🤩短语
  • dilute solution ([化]稀溶液)

  • dilute acid (稀酸)

  • dilute hydrochloric acid (稀盐酸)

  • dilute phase ([化]稀相)

  • dilute sulphuric acid (稀硫酸)

  • dilute with (用…冲淡;用…稀释)

🎤例句
  • diluted fruit juice (稀释的果汁)
🤔同义词
  • watery, attenuant (稀释的;淡的)

  • break, deliquate (稀释;冲淡;削弱)

  • thin (变稀薄;变淡)

4346. principally

'prinsəpəli 主要地

🎤例句
  • The money is principally invested in stocks and shares. (这笔钱主要投资于股票。)

  • He was principally a landscape painter. (他主要是风景画画家。)

  • We met principally to discuss the future of the school. (我们开会主要是为了商讨学校的前途。)

🤔同义词
  • largely, basically, mainly, mostly, primarily (主要地;大部分)

4347. imbalance

,im'bæləns 不平衡,不均衡

🤩短语
  • gender imbalance (性别比例失衡)
🎤例句
  • a hormonal imbalance (内分泌失调)
🤔同义词
  • instability, disbalance ([医]不平衡;不安定)

4348. ionize

'aiənaiz 使离子化 ,电离

🎤例句
  • So if we can figure out the binding energy, we can also figure out how much energy we have to put into our atom in order to a eject or ionize an electron. (所以如果我们可以计算出结合能,我们也可以计算出,我们需要注入多少能量到原子中,去逐出或电离一个电子。)

  • They were using the laser to excite and ionize the atoms liberated by the heat of the flame in order to measure the characteristic emissions of different flames. (当时他们用这种激光来激发并电离那些被火焰的高温裂解出来的原子,目的是测量不同火焰的特征辐射。)

  • As the graphic above shows, the radiation emitted in this region is nonionizing: it may heat molecules in the body but does not ionize them (that is, set electrons free). (以上图片显示,该区域内的辐射的不电离的:它只加热体内分子,并不使它们电离(即释放电子)。)

4349. immigration

,imi'ɡreiʃən 移民入境

🤩短语
  • illegal immigration (非法移民;非法入境)

  • immigration office (移民局)

  • immigration policy (移民政策)

  • immigration officer (移民局官员;入境关员)

  • immigration law ([法]移民法)

  • immigration status (移民身份;入境身份;在留资格)

  • immigration act (移民法;移民法案)

  • immigration official (n. 移民局官员)

🎤例句
  • He called for a common European policy on immigration. (他要求欧洲国家实施共同的移民政策。)
🤔同义词
  • settling, transmigration (外来移民;移居)

4350. agitation

,ædʒi'teiʃən 鼓动,焦虑

🤩短语
  • air agitation (充气搅动)

  • thermal agitation (热骚动;剧烈振荡)

🎤例句
  • She was in a state of considerable agitation. (她处于相当焦虑的状态。)
🤔同义词
  • warmth, excitation (激动;搅动;煽动;烦乱)

4351. vivid

'vivid 生动的,栩栩如生的

🤩短语
  • vivid description (生动的描述;生动的报导)

  • vivid picture (逼真模式;栩栩如生的描写)

  • vivid green (翡翠绿)

🎤例句
  • I’ve got vivid memories of that summer. (我对那年夏天记忆犹新。)

  • He had a vivid picture of her in his mind. (他的脑海中清晰地留着她的形象。)

🤔同义词
  • telling, live, bright (生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的)

4352. necessitate

ni'sesi,teit, nə- 使成为必需,迫使

🎤例句
  • Lack of money necessitated a change of plan. (由于缺乏资金,只能改变计划。)
🤔同义词
  • ask, lack, pressure, claim (使成为必需,需要;迫使)

4353. Hollywood

'hɔliwud 好莱坞

🤩短语
  • hollywood blockbuster (好莱坞大片)

  • hollywood foreign press association (好莱坞海外记者协会)

🎤例句
  • ...a major Hollywood studio. (...一家好莱坞大制片厂。)

4354. poverty

'pɔvəti 贫穷, 贫困

🤩短语
  • in poverty (贫困;处于贫困当中)

  • poverty alleviation (扶贫)

  • poverty line (贫困线;贫穷线(指维持一般生活所需收入的最低标准))

  • extreme poverty (极端贫穷)

  • eliminate poverty (消除贫困)

  • live in poverty (过着贫穷的生活)

  • shake off poverty (摆脱贫困,脱贫)

  • absolute poverty (绝对贫困)

  • abject poverty (赤贫)

  • poverty level (贫困水平)

  • poverty trap (贫困陷阱)

  • poverty gap (贫富差距)

🎤例句
  • Millions of elderly people live in poverty . (数百万老年人生活在贫困之中。)

  • We need an effective strategy to fight poverty . (我们需要制定一个有效的对策来与贫困作斗争。)

  • continued efforts to alleviate poverty and raise living standards (缓解贫困和提高生活水平的不懈努力)

  • scenes of abject poverty (极度贫困的情景)

  • the causes of urban poverty (造成城市贫困的原因)

🤔同义词
  • difficulty, shortage, hardness, want (贫困;困难;缺少;低劣)

4355. blossom

'blɔsəm

'blɔsəm 开花

🤩短语
  • peach blossom (桃花)

  • in blossom (盛开)

  • plum blossom (n. 梅花)

  • cherry blossom (樱花)

  • orange blossom (香橙花;橙花鸡尾酒)

  • in full blossom (正开着花)

  • apple blossom (苹果花)

  • blossom out (开花)

  • come into blossom (开花)

  • apricot blossom (杏花)

🎤例句
  • pale pink blossoms (淡粉色的花朵)

  • The cherry tree was covered in blossom. (樱桃树花满枝头。)

🤔同义词
  • succeed, come into flower ([植]开花;兴旺;发展成)

  • bloom, inflorescence ([植]花;开花期;兴旺期;花开的状态)

4356. demographic

,demə'ɡræfik,-kəl 人口统计学的

🤩短语
  • demographic characteristics (人口学特征;个人背景特征)

  • demographic data (人口数据,人口资料)

  • demographic transition (n. 人口转变,人口过渡)

  • demographic structure (人口结构)

🤔同义词
  • larithmic (人口统计学的;人口学的)

4357. accidentally

,æksi'dentli 意外的,偶然(发生)的

🎤例句
  • She accidentally erased the tape. (她意外地抹去了录了音的磁带。)
🤔同义词
  • unexpectedly, fortuitously (意外地;偶然地)

4358. shipbuilding

'ʃip,bildiŋ 造船

🎤例句
  • a shipbuilding yard (造船厂)
🤔同义词
  • newbuilding ([船]造船;造船业;造船术)

4359. duct

dʌkt 管道, 导管

dʌkt 用导管输送

🤩短语
  • bile duct (胆道,胆管)

  • air duct (风道;空气管;导风筒)

  • common bile duct ([解]胆总管)

  • duct system (管道系统;风管网路)

  • pancreatic duct (胰管;胰腺管;霍夫曼氏管)

  • cystic duct (胆囊管)

  • duct tape (布基胶带;管带)

  • biliary duct (胆管)

  • nasolacrimal duct ([解剖]鼻泪管)

  • hepatic duct (n. 肝胆管,肝管)

  • bus duct (母线槽;母线沟;总线护道)

  • lacrimal duct (泪管,泪小管;激管炎)

  • exhaust duct (排风管道)

  • ventilation duct (n. 通风管)

  • gas duct (烟道,气道)

  • ejaculatory duct (射精管)

  • collecting duct (n. 收集管;集尿管;集合管)

  • thoracic duct (胸导管)

  • flexible duct (柔性管道;可弯曲风道;软管接头)

  • ventilating duct (通风管道)

🎤例句
  • Air is heated and then circulated through large ducts to all parts of the house. (空气加热后通过大管道循环输送到房子的各处。)
🤔同义词
  • conveying pipe, conveyer pipe (输送管,[生物]导管)

4360. sweat

swet 汗 v(使)出汗

🤩短语
  • no sweat (不费力地)

  • sweat it out (苦熬;忍受下去)

  • cold sweat (冷汗)

  • night sweat (盗汗)

  • sweat gland (汗腺)

  • sweat blood (万分忧虑;拼命地干)

  • sweat pore (汗孔;汗腺孔)

  • sweat shirt (n. 运动衫)

  • sweat suit (运动套装;运动衫裤)

🎤例句
  • Ian came off the squash court dripping with sweat . (伊恩大汗淋漓地离开壁球场。)

  • Beads of sweat appeared on his forehead. (他的额头上冒出了汗珠。)

  • Sweat poured down his face. (他满头大汗。)

🤔同义词
  • stream, shed (使出汗;流出;使干苦活;剥削;藉出汗减轻;焦急地期待)

  • sudor, globule (汗;水珠;焦急;苦差使)

  • smart, labour over (出汗;辛苦工作;懊恼;结水珠)

4361. empirical

经验主义的

🤩短语
  • empirical study (实证研究;经验研究)

  • empirical analysis (经验性分析)

  • empirical research (经验研究,实证研究;实征性研究)

  • empirical formula (经验式;实验式)

  • empirical mode (经验模式;经验众数)

  • empirical evidence (实验性证据)

  • empirical data (经验数据(公式))

  • empirical equation (经验公式;经验方程)

  • empirical test (验证;经验检验)

  • empirical model (经验模型)

  • empirical method (经验法,经验方法)

  • empirical approach (实征取向,经验探讨;实证研究法)

  • empirical coefficient (经验系数)

  • empirical value (经验值;实验数值)

  • empirical design (经验设计)

🎤例句
  • {"COLLOINEXA":["empirical evidence"]} (实验证据)

4362. mediate

'mi:dieit 调停, 斡旋

🎤例句
  • The former president has agreed to mediate the peace talks. (前总统同意就和谈进行斡旋。)
🤔同义词
  • center, intercede (调解;斡旋;居中)

  • communicate, convey (调停;传达)

  • indirect, circular (间接的;居间的)

4363. bloodstream

'blʌdstri:m 血流

🎤例句
  • The drug is injected directly into the bloodstream. (这种药物是直接注射到血液中的。)

4364. verify

'verifai 核实, 证明

🤩短语
  • examine and verify (审核;审计)
🎤例句
  • American forces will remain to verify compliance with the treaty. (美军将继续驻留,核查条约是否得到遵守。)
🤔同义词
  • touch bottom, check on (核实;查证)

4365. reelection

,ri:i'lekʃən 再选, 改选

🎤例句
  • After they finished their commission business, Chernomyrdin came to see me to brief me on events in Russia and Yeltsin’s prospects for reelection. (在他们完成了使命后,他来拜访我,向我简单介绍了俄罗斯的近况和叶利钦再次当选的前景。)

  • Every member of the House of Representatives and about one-third of the Senate is up for reelection in any given election year. (在每个规定的选举年中,全国都要重新选举全体的众议院议员和大约三分之一的参议院议员。)

🤔同义词
  • recleaning (改选;再选)

4366. dwelling

'dweliŋ 住处

🤩短语
  • dwelling house (住宅)

  • dwelling place (n. 住处;寓所)

  • dwelling environment (居住环境)

  • cave dwelling (窑洞)

  • dwelling unit (居住单元,住宅单元;居住单位)

  • dwelling construction (住宅建筑,住宅建设)

  • dwelling district (居住区)

🎤例句
  • Some 3,500 new dwellings are planned for the area. (大约三千五百套新住宅计划在这个地区新建。)
🤔同义词
  • residence, accommodation (住处;寓所)

  • living (居住(dwell的现在分词))

4367. foremost

'fɔ:məust 最重要的,最初的

🤩短语
  • first and foremost (首先;首要的是)
🎤例句
  • one of the country’s foremost authorities on chemical warfare (该国化学战方面的最高权威之一)

  • Rostropovich was long considered the world’s foremost cellist. (长期以来,罗斯特罗波维奇一直被视为世界上首屈一指的大提琴家。)

🤔同义词
  • principal, supreme, main, lead (最重要的;最先的)

  • firstly, primarily, initially, first of all, chiefly (首先;居于首位地)

4368. midair

,mid'εə 半空中

🎤例句
  • The planes collided in midair. (飞机在空中相撞。)

4369. crocodile

'krɔkə,dail 鳄鱼, 鳄鱼皮

🤩短语
  • crocodile tears (假慈悲;鳄鱼的眼泪)

  • shed crocodile tears ([谚]猫哭老鼠;假慈悲)

  • crocodile dundee (鳄鱼邓迪(电影名称))

  • crocodile skin ((过烧钢酸洗后所呈现的)鳄鱼皮(缺陷))

  • nile crocodile (尼罗河鳄鱼;尼罗鳄)

🎤例句
  • a crocodile briefcase (鳄鱼皮公文包)
🤔同义词
  • cayman, caiman (鳄鱼)

4370. sister

姐妹

🤩短语
  • younger sister (妹妹)

  • elder sister (姐姐,姊姊)

  • little sister (小妹妹,小女孩)

  • older sister (姐姐)

  • twin sister (双胞胎姐妹之一)

  • eldest sister (长姊,大姐)

  • sister company (姐妹公司)

  • sister school (姊妹校)

  • sister chromatid (姊妹染色半体)

  • sister city (姐妹城市;友好城市)

  • sister in law (嫂子;姑子;姨子;弟媳;妯娌)

  • sister ship (姐妹船,姊妹船;同型船;姊妹舰)

  • half sister (同父异母或同母异父姐妹)

🎤例句
  • Janet and Abby are sisters. (珍妮特和阿比是两姐妹。)

  • He has two sisters and a brother. (他有两个姊妹和一个弟弟。)

  • She’s my twin sister . (她是我的孪生妹妹。)

🤔同义词
  • sis, tittie (姐妹;修女;护士)

4371. calve

kɑ:v, kæv 生小牛, (使)冰山崩解

🎤例句
  • The whales migrate some 6,000 miles to breed and calve in the warm lagoons. (这种鲸鱼环游了6,000英里到暖水湖里生育繁殖。)

4372. integration

,inti'ɡreiʃən 综合

🤩短语
  • economic integration (经济一体化)

  • system integration (系统综合)

  • integration method (积分法)

  • integration system (积分系)

  • integration process ((纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程)

  • numerical integration (数值积分;积分计算)

  • vertical integration (垂直整合;垂直统一管理;纵向结合)

  • cultural integration (文化整合)

  • process integration (联合工艺)

  • social integration (社会整合;社会融合)

  • curriculum integration (课程整合)

  • integration testing (集成测试;整合测试;组装测试)

  • integration of world economy (世界经济一体化)

  • large scale integration (大规模集成)

  • integration time (n. 积分时间)

  • international integration (国际一体化)

  • integration test (综合测试)

  • horizontal integration (水平整合;横向结合)

  • integration by parts (部分积分法,分步积分法)

  • integration of enterprises (企业整合)

🎤例句
  • problems of racial integration (种族融合的问题)
🤔同义词
  • synthesis, comprehensiveness (集成;综合)

4373. usefulness

'ju:sfulnis 有用, 有效性

🎤例句
  • As a commuter service, the ferry has outlived its usefulness(= is no longer useful ). (作为一种通勤服务,渡船已经没有用武之地了。)
🤔同义词
  • validity, availability (有用;有效性;有益)

4374. olfactory

ɔl'fæktəri 嗅觉的

🤩短语
  • olfactory bulb (嗅球)

  • olfactory nerve (嗅神经;嗅觉神经)

🎤例句
  • the olfactory cells in the nose (鼻腔内的嗅觉细胞)
🤔同义词
  • osphradium (嗅觉器官)

4375. cranial

'kreiniəl 头盖(形)的

🤩短语
  • cranial nerve (n. 脑神经;颅神经)

  • posterior cranial fossa (颅后窝)

  • cranial cavity (颅腔)

🎤例句
  • ...cranial bleeding. (...颅出血。)

4376. prerequisite

'pri:'rekwizit 先决条件

🎤例句
  • Good self-esteem is a prerequisite for a happy life. (良好的自尊心是幸福生活的先决条件。)
🤔同义词
  • prior condition, pre-condition (先决条件)

4377. occupational

,ɔkju'peiʃənəl 职业的

🤩短语
  • occupational health (职业保健)

  • occupational safety (职业安全)

  • occupational disease (职业病)

  • occupational exposure (职业照射)

  • occupational therapy (职业疗法)

  • occupational hazard (职业危害;职业危险)

  • occupational status (职业地位)

  • occupational accident (职业性意外事故)

  • occupational medicine (职业医学;职业病科)

  • occupational therapist (职业疗法专家)

🎤例句
  • occupational pension schemes (职业退休金计划)

  • an occupational health centre (职业医疗保健中心)

  • occupational disease (职业病)

  • Getting injured is an occupational hazard (= a risk that always exists in a particular job or activity ) of the sport. (受伤是这项运动的职业性危害。)

🤔同义词
  • vocational, professional (职业的;占领的)

4378. eclipse

i'klips (日、月)食 vt形成(日、月)食

🤩短语
  • solar eclipse (n. [天]日食)

  • total solar eclipse (日全食)

  • total eclipse ([天]日全食;月全食)

  • lunar eclipse ([天]月蚀)

  • partial eclipse (n. 偏食,日偏食)

  • eclipse of the moon (月食)

  • eclipse of the sun (日食)

  • annular eclipse ([天文学]日环食;[天文学]环蚀)

🎤例句
  • an eclipse of the sun (日食)

  • a total eclipse (全食)

4379. refute

ri'fju:t, ri:- 驳斥,驳倒

🎤例句
  • It was the kind of rumour that it is impossible to refute. (这是那种不可能推翻的谣言。)
🤔同义词
  • disprove, redargue (反驳,驳斥;驳倒)

4380. updraft

'ʌpdrɑ:ft, -dræft 上升气流

🎤例句
  • Peak updraft strength is slightly enhanced with hodograph curvature, 29.0 m/s in B versus 26.1 in C. (山顶上升气流强度随速矢端迹曲率加大而稍有加强,在(图上)B点是每秒29米,C点是每秒26.1米。)

  • As the hot air rises, a powerful updraft is also created by the tower that allows air to be continually sucked through 32 turbines, which spin to generate power 24 hours a day. (当热空气上升时,一股有力的上升气流被可以让32个涡轮持续吸引的塔所生成,那些涡轮可以产生24小时的动力来纺纱。)

  • Finally, a two-megawatt solar updraft tower produces additional energy in clear weather. (最后是一座2兆瓦的太阳能热气流发电塔。 它能在天气晴朗时产生超过大厦自身需要的能源。)

🤔同义词
  • upcurrent, ascending air current (上升气流;[建]向上之排气)

4381. deliberation

di,libə'reiʃən 仔细考虑;商量

🎤例句
  • After much deliberation, first prize was awarded to Derek Murray. (经仔细商议,一等奖颁给了德里克·默里。)
🤔同义词
  • consideration of, leisureliness (审议;考虑;从容;熟思)

4382. flagpole

'flæɡpəul 旗杆

🎤例句
  • The new Namibian flag was hoisted up the flagpole. (纳米比亚的新国旗被升到旗杆顶上。)

4383. invoke

in'vəuk 恳求

🎤例句
  • St. Genevieve is often invoked against plagues. (人们经常祈求圣女日南斐法来消除瘟疫。)
🤔同义词
  • attract, produce, cause, operate, occasion (调用;祈求;引起;恳求)

4384. hypersensitive

,haipə'sensətiv 过份敏感的

🎤例句
  • Student teachers were hypersensitive to any criticism of their performance. (实习教师对任何针对他们表现的批评意见都异常敏感。)
🤔同义词
  • irritable, touchy ([医]过敏的;高灵敏度的;超感光度的)

4385. unavoidable

,ʌnə'vɔidəbl 不可避免的

🎤例句
  • There are now fears that war is unavoidable. (人们现在担心战争不可避免。)
🤔同义词
  • inevitable, inescapable (不可避免的;不能废除的)

4386. lucky

'lʌki 幸运的, 吉祥的

🤩短语
  • lucky day (幸运日;黄道吉日)

  • lucky draw (幸运抽奖)

  • lucky star (福星)

  • lucky dog ([俚]幸运儿)

  • lucky number (幸运数字;幸运数)

  • good lucky (祝你好运)

  • lucky charm (幸运符;护身符)

  • lucky kiss (幸运之吻)

🎤例句
  • I didn’t really know your name – it was just a lucky guess . (我并不知道你的名字―只是运气好猜中的。)
🤔同义词
  • fortunate, providential (幸运的;侥幸的)

4387. upcoming

'ʌp,kʌmiŋ 即将来临的

🎤例句
  • the upcoming elections (即将举行的选举)
🤔同义词
  • imminent, forthcoming (即将来临的)

4388. February

'februəri 二月(略作Feb)

🎤例句
  • He joined the Army in February 1943. (他1943年2月参军。)

4389. lug

lʌɡ (用力)拖拉

🤩短语
  • lug boss (突起部,凸起部)

  • lifting lug (吊耳)

🎤例句
  • Nobody wants to lug around huge suitcases full of clothes. (没有人愿意拖着装满衣服的大箱子到处转。)

4390. broadly

'brɔ:dli 宽广地, 广泛

🤩短语
  • broadly speaking (一般地说;广义地说;泛泛地说)
🎤例句
  • The president broadly got what he wanted out of his meeting. (总统大体上得到了他想从会议中得到的东西。)
🤔同义词
  • obviously, clearly, markedly, distinctly (明显地;宽广地;概括地;露骨地;粗鄙地)

4391. friendship

'frendʃip 友谊, 友好

🤩短语
  • friendship store (友谊商店)

  • friendship hotel (友谊宾馆)

  • friendship group (友谊型群体;友好群体;社交小组)

🎤例句
  • her close friendship with her aunt (她与姑母的亲密友谊)

  • a lifelong friendship (一生的友谊)

  • The two boys formed a deep and lasting friendship . (这两个男孩子建立了深厚持久的友谊。)

  • He and Bob struck up a friendship (= began to be friends ) . (他和鲍勃交了朋友。)

🤔同义词
  • fellowship, companionship (友谊;友爱;友善)

4392. twain

twein 两, 双, 二

🤩短语
  • mark twain (n. 马克·吐温(美国小说家))
🤔同义词
  • liang, tael (两;二;一对)

4393. pathogen

'pæθədʒən [微生物]病菌, 病原体

🎤例句
  • This would introduce only a small number of GM plants into the environment, so farmers could choose not to harvest them while still benefiting from their pathogen-detecting ability. (这只需要把少量转基因作物引入到环境中,因此农民可以选择不收获它们,同时仍然享受它们的病原体探测能力的益处。)

  • Scientists talk about the 'virulence' of a pathogen, but what does that mean to laypeople? (科学家谈论一种病原体的“毒力”,但是这对于普通人的意义是什么?)

🤔同义词
  • causative agent, harmful bacteria ([基医]病原体;病菌)

4394. memorable

'memərəbl 难忘的,重大的

🎤例句
  • We want to make this a truly memorable day for the children. (我们想让今天成为孩子们永远难忘的日子。)
🤔同义词
  • obvious, prominent, marked, noted, outstanding (显著的,难忘的;值得纪念的)

4395. auditory

'ɔ:ditəri 耳的, 听觉的

🤩短语
  • auditory canal (听管;听道;耳道(等于auditory meatus))

  • auditory nerve (听觉神经)

  • auditory hallucination (幻听;听幻觉)

  • auditory sensation (听觉)

  • auditory masking (听觉掩蔽)

🎤例句
  • ...the limits of the human auditory range. (…人类听觉范围的局限。)
🤔同义词
  • listener, assembly room (听众;礼堂)

  • acoustic, aural ([生理]听觉的;耳朵的)

4396. avant

先锋的,激进的

🎤例句
  • The first Dada performances were put on by a group of avant-garde poets, writers and performances artists at Cabaret Voltaire. (第一个达达表演是由一群先锋派诗人、作家和表演艺术家们在伏尔泰夜总会上演的。)

  • Nothing, though, should take away from this phenomenal work of outsider art, a neo-avant-garde exercise in bodyshock violence that features an unknown cast and dialogue in Latin and Aramaic. (虽然,没什么能从这部非凡的化外艺术作品中拿走? ,一次新先锋派在身体暴力上的练习,由一组不知名演员出演,以拉丁语和阿拉米语进行对话。)

🤔同义词
  • radical, underground (激进的;先锋派的)

  • before (在…之前)

4397. tertiary

'tə:ʃəri 第三的, 第三位的

🤩短语
  • tertiary industry (第三产业)

  • tertiary education (高等教育,大学教育)

  • tertiary amine ([化]叔胺;三级胺)

  • tertiary recovery (三次开采;强化采油)

  • tertiary period ([地质]第三纪)

  • tertiary treatment (三级处理)

  • tertiary sector (第三产业(服务业);第三产业部门)

  • tertiary structure ([化]三级结构)

  • tertiary butyl alcohol (叔丁醇;第三丁基醇)

🎤例句
  • He must have come to know those philosophers through secondary or tertiary sources. (他一定是通过第二手或第三手资料了解那些哲学家的。)
🤔同义词
  • third age ([数]第三纪;第三修道会会员;第三级教士)

  • third, ternary ([数]第三的;第三位的;三代的)

4398. submarine

'sʌbməri:n, ,sʌbmə'ri:n 潜水艇

🤩短语
  • submarine pipeline (海底管道;水下管道)

  • nuclear submarine (核潜艇)

  • submarine cable (海底电缆)

  • submarine structure (海底构造;潜艇结构)

  • submarine fan (海底扇;海底陆源沉积扇;海底扇形地)

  • submarine gate (潜入式浇口;潜伏浇口;下浇口)

  • submarine base (潜艇基地;潜水舰基地)

  • submarine warfare (潜艇战)

🎤例句
  • a nuclear submarine (核潜艇)
🤔同义词
  • sub, pigboat (潜水艇;海底生物)

  • benthonic, undersea ([海洋]海底的;水下的)

4399. locality

ləu'kæləti 位置, 地点

🎤例句
  • weather reports from several different localities (来自几个不同地区的天气报告)
🤔同义词
  • situation, site, spot, lie, where (所在;位置;地点)