5100_TOEFL词汇

5100. newcomer

'nju:'kʌmə 新来的人;移民

🎤例句
  • a special award for the most promising newcomer (颁发给最有前途新人的特殊奖项)
🤔同义词
  • latecomer, tenderfoot ([劳经]新来者;新到的移民)

5101. holiday

'hɔlədi 假日

🤩短语
  • on holiday (在度假;在休假中)

  • summer holiday (暑假)

  • public holiday (公休假日;国定假日)

  • happy holiday (快乐的节日;愉快的假期)

  • winter holiday (寒假)

  • national holiday (n. 国定假日)

  • holiday inn (n. 假日酒店;假日旅馆)

  • holiday resort (度假胜地)

  • go on holiday (去度假;正在休假)

  • have a holiday (休假, 放假;度假;有一个假期)

  • holiday economy (假日经济(在节假日由于人们普遍参与各项休闲娱乐活动而引发的消费热潮))

  • official holiday (法定假期)

  • legal holiday ([美]法定假日)

  • holiday time (假期;假日时光)

  • take a holiday (v. 度假;休假)

  • easter holiday (复活节假期)

  • holiday gift (节日礼物)

  • bank holiday (银行休假日)

  • holiday greetings (节日问候(holiday greeting的复数))

  • statutory holiday (n. 法定假日)

🎤例句
  • The school holidays start tomorrow. (学校假期从明天开始。)
🤔同义词
  • festival, Feriae (假日;节日;休息日)

5102. gravitas

'ɡrævitæs 庄严(举止)

🎤例句
  • He is pale, dark, and authoritative, with the gravitas you might expect of a Nobel prize winner. (他面色苍白、皮肤呈深色、有权威性,带着你可能期待的一位诺贝尔奖得主的那种庄严。)
🤔同义词
  • grandeur, solemnity ((拉)庄严;庄重;庄严的举止)

5103. foresightedness

先见之明

5104. prerecord

,pri:'ri'kɔ:d 事先录音

🎤例句
  • a prerecorded interview (事先录制的采访)

5105. brittle

'britl 易碎的, 脆弱的

🤩短语
  • brittle fracture (脆性破坏)

  • brittle material (脆性物料)

  • brittle failure (脆性破坏;脆性疲劳;脆性失败)

🎤例句
  • In systems such as this we also often find that there are either no tests around this configuration code, or the tests that do exist are brittle and/or not realistic. (在这样的系统中,我们经常会发现对于这些配置代码没有进行测试,或者尽管存在测试,但它很脆弱且/或不切实际。)

  • But while our screens are brittle, theirs is flexible––at what they say is one tenth the price. (但我们的屏幕都很脆弱,他们的却很柔软,而且价钱是我们的十分之一。)

🤔同义词
  • delicate, tender, fragile (易碎的,[冶]脆弱的;易生气的)

5106. dispense

dis'pens 分发, 分配

🤩短语
  • dispense with (无需;免除;省掉)
🎤例句
  • a machine for dispensing cash (取款机)
🤔同义词
  • perform, implement, portion, discharge, part (分配,分发;免除;执行)

  • get free of, exempt from (免除,豁免)

5107. inedible

in'edibl 不能吃的,不宜食用的

🎤例句
  • The meat was so burnt that it was inedible. (肉烧得那么焦,不能吃了。)
🤔同义词
  • uneatable, unedible (不能吃的)

5108. lure

ljuə 引诱

🎤例句
  • He lured her to his home and shot her with his father's gun. (他把她诱骗到家里,然后用父亲的枪把她打死。)
🤔同义词
  • temptation, gentle (诱惑;饵;诱惑物)

  • induce, tempt (诱惑;引诱)

5109. swiftly

'swiftli 很快地, 即刻

🎤例句
  • As I looked swiftly away, it seemed to me that his glance held some kind of unmet expectation. (我很快地看向别处,对我来说他的目光里似乎带着某种得不到满足的渴望。)

  • I believe that anywhere within a metre or so of daily maximum sea level would be swiftly eroded. (我认为在那些水深达到一米或是每天水位最高到一米的地方,海平面会被很快侵蚀。)

  • Next time such an apology is likely to happen swiftly and immediately as women candidates set up media watchdog brigades to force the media to give them more equal treatment. (下一次这类道歉可能会很快地和迅速地得到处理因为女性候选人建立了媒体监察队来强迫媒体给她们一个更公平的对待。)

🤔同义词
  • quickly, rapidly, promptly (很快地;敏捷地;即刻)

5110. risky

'riski 危险的

🎤例句
  • Doctors say it’s too risky to try and operate. (医生说动手术风险太大。)

  • Buying a secondhand car is a risky business . (买二手汽车是有风险的。)

🤔同义词
  • dangerous, critical, threatening, perilous, hazardous (危险的;冒险的;(作品等)有伤风化的)

5111. gibbon

'ɡibən 长臂猿

🎤例句
  • Beverly: Why else would you grow a pancreas in a teenaged gibbon? (要不然在年轻长臂猿体内培育人类胰腺干什么?)

  • The Christian Coalition should adopt as their mascot the white-handed gibbon, with his perfect nuclear family of one loyal gibbette and several gibblets. (其中白交长臂猿拥有最忠实和完美的小家庭,基督教联盟完全可以将其作为最纯洁的吉祥物。)

5112. raccoon

rə'ku:n <美>[动]浣熊

🎤例句
  • a raccoon coat (浣熊皮大衣)
🤔同义词
  • racoon, coon (浣熊;浣熊毛皮)

5113. peep

pi:p 窥视, 偷看

🤩短语
  • peep at (偷看,偷窥)
🎤例句
  • On our website you can peep our video interview with R&B’s newest supergroup. (在我们的网站可以观看到节奏布鲁斯最新超级组合的采访录像。)
🤔同义词
  • peek (偷看;隐约看见,瞥见)

  • occur, figure, offer (窥视;慢慢露出,出现;吱吱叫)

5114. arousal

ə'rəuzəl 觉醒, 激励

🎤例句
  • It distracts us, and takes our arousal back to the starting blocks. (它分散我们的注意力,使我们的觉醒又回到了起点。)

  • I asked as a primitive sense of arousal kicked in at the base of my medulla. (真够神的,”我回答说,脑子里似乎有一种原始的欲望在觉醒,在升腾。)

🤔同义词
  • stimulus, animation, excitation ([心理]觉醒;激励)

5115. neurotransmitter

,njuərəutrænz'mitə, -træns- [生化]神经传递素

🎤例句
  • All drugs of abuse stimulate the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine. (所有的药物滥用都刺激了神经递质多巴胺的释放。)

  • Dopamine is a neurotransmitter critical to the experience of pleasure and desire, and sends a signal to the brain: Pay attention, this is important. (多巴胺是一种神经递质,对于人感受快乐和欲望至关重要,而且会向大脑发送这样一个信号:注意了,这很重要。)

  • The nucleus accumbens is associated with other kinds of longing — for alcohol and drugs — and is more dense in the neurotransmitter dopamine than in serotonin. (阿肯柏氏核还与其他种类的渴望(比如嗜酒,嗑药)相联系---而且在血清素里神经传递素多巴胺的浓度更高。)

5116. avalanche

'ævəlɑ:ntʃ 雪崩

🤩短语
  • avalanche photodiode (雪崩光电二极管)
🎤例句
  • Two skiers were killed in the avalanche. (两名滑雪者在雪崩中丧生。)
🤔同义词
  • slide, snowslide, lawine ([水文][地理]雪崩)

  • molder (崩塌)

5117. skyrocket

'skai,rɔkit 冲天火箭(烟火)

🤔同义词
  • sky, sharp increase (飞涨,突然高升)

5118. skate

skeit 冰鞋 vi溜冰

🤩短语
  • ice skate (溜冰鞋;溜冰)

  • roller skate (四轮滑冰鞋;轮式溜冰鞋)

🤔同义词
  • ice skating, ice-skate (滑冰;滑过)

  • ice-skating (溜冰;冰鞋)

5119. ibex

'aibeks 野生山羊

🎤例句
  • Other common forms of synecdoche include two concentric circles or triangles (used as eyes in horse and bison paintings), ibex horns and the hump of a mammoth. (其他普通的提喻形式包括两个同心圆或者三角形(在壁画上马和犀牛的眼睛里也有使用),野生山羊的羊角和长毛象弓起的背部。)

5120. monkey

'mʌŋki 猴子

🤩短语
  • monkey business (胡闹,骗人的把戏;欺骗;恶作剧)

  • monkey king (美猴王,孙悟空)

  • golden monkey (金丝猴)

  • monkey tricks (猴子把戏;耍猴戏;[口]恶作剧)

  • get the monkey off ([美俚]戒除吸毒恶习)

  • monkey wrench (n. 活动扳手;螺旋钳)

  • rhesus monkey (猕猴)

  • monkey with (瞎弄;乱搞)

  • monkey bars ((美)供儿童攀爬游戏的猴架;(英)健身房的攀架)

  • monkey island (标准罗经平台;罗经甲板)

  • proboscis monkey (n. [动]长鼻猴)

🎤例句
  • The monkey is beating up and down. (那只猴子到处乱窜。)

  • The monkey engulfed the food whole. (这只猴子囫囵吞下食物。)

  • The monkey had deflowered an entire section of the garden. (这只猴子把花园中一整块地方的花都糟蹋了。)

🤔同义词
  • urchin, simian (猴子;顽童)

  • horse around, mess about (胡闹;捣蛋)

  • guy, make game of (嘲弄)

5121. cessation

se'seiʃən 停止

🎤例句
  • He would not agree to a cessation of hostilities. (他不会同意敌对状态的停止。)
🤔同义词
  • stop, break, stay, hang, stand (停止;中止;中断)

5122. shovel

'ʃʌvəl 铲,挖斗机

🤩短语
  • power shovel (电铲;机铲,动力铲;挖土机)

  • mechanical shovel (机铲)

🎤例句
  • ...a coal shovel. (…一把煤铲。)
🤔同义词
  • shool (铁铲;一铲的量;铲车)

  • weed (铲除;用铲挖;把…胡乱塞入)

  • spade ([机]铲)

5123. eccentric

ik'sentrik 古怪的

ik'sentrik 怪人

🤩短语
  • eccentric wheel (偏心轮)

  • eccentric shaft (偏心轴)

  • eccentric load (偏心载荷)

  • eccentric cam (偏心凸轮)

  • eccentric loading ([工程]偏心荷载)

  • eccentric sleeve (偏心套筒)

  • eccentric gear (偏心轮;偏心装置)

🎤例句
  • His eccentric behaviour lost him his job. (他古怪的行为使他丢了工作。)

  • Aunt Nessy was always a bit eccentric. (内西姑妈总是有点古怪。)

🤔同义词
  • abnormal, odd, curious (古怪的,反常的)

  • fantastic, weirdo (古怪的人)

5124. steamer

'sti:mə 汽船, 蒸汽机

🤔同义词
  • boat, streamboat (轮船;蒸汽机;蒸笼)

5125. sentimental

英 [ˌsentɪ'mentl] 美 [ˌsɛntəˈmɛntl 感伤的;多愁善感的

🤩短语
  • sentimental value (n. 情感价值)
🎤例句
  • She said a sentimental goodbye. (她依依不舍地道别。)
🤔同义词
  • melting, mushy (感伤的;感情脆弱的)

5126. iridescent

,iri'desənt, 'aiəri- 闪光的,现晕光的

🎤例句
  • small iridescent blue flies (色彩变幻的蓝色小苍蝇)
🤔同义词
  • shot, irised (彩虹色的;闪光的)

5127. eocene

'i:əusi:n 始新世(的)

5128. cushion

'kuʃən 垫子

🤩短语
  • air cushion (气垫)

  • seat cushion (弹性座垫)

  • back cushion (靠背垫)

  • cushion layer (垫层)

  • cushion the blow (给垫着点儿;说话绵软一点以免打击过重)

  • rubber cushion (橡皮缓冲器,橡皮垫)

  • cushion cap (承台)

  • cushion cover (垫子套)

  • cushion rubber (垫层橡胶;缓冲橡胶)

  • cushion for leaning on (靠垫)

🎤例句
  • a velvet cushion (天鹅绒垫子)

  • a cushion cover (垫子套)

🤔同义词
  • gaddi, mat ([轻]垫子;起缓解作用之物;(猪等的)臀肉;银行储蓄)

5129. bowel

'bauəl

🤩短语
  • bowel movement (排便)

  • irritable bowel syndrome ([医]肠道易激综合症)

  • small bowel (小肠)

🎤例句
  • cancer of the bowel (肠癌)
🤔同义词
  • interior, inside, inner, feeling, compassion (肠;内部;同情)

5130. technician

tek'niʃən 技术员, 技师

🤩短语
  • maintenance technician (修理行业的技术人员)

  • laboratory technician (化验员;实验室技师)

  • engineering technician (工程技术员)

  • lab technician (实验室技术员;实验技师)

  • computer technician (计算机技术人员)

  • skilled technician (n. 技师)

🎤例句
  • a laboratory technician (实验室技术人员)

  • a hospital technician (医院技术人员)

🤔同义词
  • lab-technician ([劳经]技师,技术员;技巧纯熟的人)

5131. maybe

'meibi 大概, 或许

🎤例句
  • Maybe it’s all just a big misunderstanding. (也许这只是一个很大的误会。)

  • ‘Do you think he’ll come back?’ ‘Maybe.’ (“你认为他会回来吗?”“也许会吧。”)

  • Maybe they’re right, but maybe not . (也许他们是对的,但也许不是。)

  • You have talent, maybe even genius. (你很有才能,甚至可以说有天赋。)

  • He said he’d finish the work soon – maybe tomorrow. (他说他很快就会完成那项工作——也许是明天。)

🤔同义词
  • perhaps, possibly, probably, like (也许;可能;大概)

  • possibility, probability, feasibility, potential, chance (可能性;不确定性)

5132. snowdrift

'snəudrift 雪堆

🎤例句
  • Weller was once a stranded motorist himself. Driving in an Illinois blizzard when he was 16, he got stuck in a snowdrift. (韦勒自己曾经也是一个无助驾驶员,在他16岁的时候驾驶在伊利诺斯州的暴风雪中,陷入了雪堆。)

  • This snow had decided to go on falling until everything was a single, vast wet snowdrift, and nobody would remember what had been underneath it. (雪决定继续下,下到所有的东西都变成一个孤零零的,巨大湿雪堆,没有人能记得下面曾是什么。)

  • No sense fretting about taking down the 5-foot Christmas tree buried in a snowdrift on her deck in Brookfield, Conn. (当她从位于康涅狄格州布鲁克菲尔德的自家平台上拆下埋在雪里的5英尺高圣诞树时也不用烦恼了。)

5133. seventy

'sevənti 七十

🎤例句
  • We lost touch during the seventies. (我们在70年代失去了联系。)
🤔同义词
  • three score years and ten (七十;七十个;七十岁;七十年代)

5134. cleaner

'kli:nə 清洁工人, 清洁器

🤩短语
  • cleaner production (清洁生产)

  • vacuum cleaner (吸尘器;真空吸尘器;真空清洁器)

  • air cleaner (空气过滤器)

  • dry cleaner (干洗店;干洗工)

  • glass cleaner (玻璃清洁剂;擦洗玻璃液)

  • ultrasonic cleaner (超声波除垢器;超音波清洗器)

  • dust cleaner (除尘器;吸尘器)

  • high pressure cleaner (高压清洁器)

  • suction cleaner (吸式清扫机;吸尘器)

  • cleaner technologies (净化技术;清洁技术)

  • steam cleaner (蒸汽清洗装置)

  • street cleaner (清道夫;清洁工)

  • window cleaner (门窗清洁工;擦窗器)

  • alkaline cleaner (碱性清洗剂)

🎤例句
  • a vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器)
🤔同义词
  • detergent, cleaning media ([化工]清洁剂;清洁工;干洗店;干洗商;[建]洗洁器)

5135. accordion

ə'kɔ:djən 手风琴

🎤例句
  • But my fancy accordion might as well have been a cardboard box that afternoon. (但是那天下午,我别致的手风琴好像变成了纸板盒。)

  • All at once I pictured my own father, patiently enduring my nightly accordion practice sessions though he must have yearned for peace and quiet after his long days at the pizza factory. (突然,我想起了我的父亲。 虽然他在比萨厂呆了一整天后一定非常渴望清静,但还是耐心地忍受着我每天晚上练习手风琴的那段时间。)

  • So you may be saying to yourself, I have to sign up right now for Swahili and calculus and accordion lessons before my brain withers away! (你或许因此对自己说,趁着我的大脑还没退化,赶紧报名学习史瓦西里文和微积分,还有手风琴班吧!)

🤔同义词
  • folding, collapsable (可折叠的)

  • squeezebox (手风琴)

5136. manure

mə'njuə 肥料

🤩短语
  • green manure (绿肥;未熟的堆肥)

  • pig manure (猪粪;猪粪肥)

  • chicken manure (鸡粪)

  • animal manure (动物性杂肥,畜肥)

  • horse manure (马粪,马粪肥)

🎤例句
  • ...bags of manure. (…一袋袋的肥料。)
🤔同义词
  • till, farm (施肥于;耕种)

  • fertilizer ([肥料]肥料;粪肥)

5137. clover

'kləuvə [植]三叶草

🤩短语
  • in clover (生活优裕)

  • red clover (红三叶草)

  • white clover (白三叶;白车轴草)

  • four-leaf clover (四叶苜蓿(等于four-leaved clover);幸运草)

  • sweet clover (草木樨;草木犀属)

🎤例句
  • a four-leaf clover (四叶(车轴)草)
🤔同义词
  • trifolium, shamrock ([植]三叶草;苜蓿;红花草)

5138. heater

'hi:tə 加热器

🤩短语
  • water heater (热水器)

  • solar water heater (太阳能热水器)

  • electric heater (电热器;电暖气)

  • electric water heater (电热水器)

  • air heater ([化]空气加热器;热风机;热风器)

  • oil heater (油加热器)

  • induction heater (电感应加热器)

  • gas heater (气体加热器,燃气热水器)

  • steam heater (蒸汽加热器)

  • heater tube (旁热式电子管;暖气钢管)

  • electrical heater (电加热器;电热器)

  • tubular heater (管式加热器)

  • heater element (加热元件,发热元件)

  • infrared heater (红外线加热器)

  • immersion heater (n. 电热煮沸器;浸没式加热器)

  • fan heater (风扇式空气加热器;暖风机)

  • instantaneous water heater (即热式热水炉;快热式热水器;瞬时水加热器)

  • hot water heater (热水加热器;热水采暖装置)

🎤例句
  • Did you turn the heater off? (你关掉加热器了吗?)
🤔同义词
  • warmer, heating appliance ([建]加热器;加热工)

5139. circumference

sə'kʌmfərəns 圆周, 周围

🤩短语
  • waist circumference (腰围)

  • chest circumference (胸围)

  • head circumference (头围)

  • hip circumference (臀围)

🎤例句
  • ...a scientist calculating the Earth's circumference. (…一位正在计算地球周长的科学家。)
🤔同义词
  • periphery, chest/bust ([数]圆周;周长;胸围)

5140. treatment

'tri:tmənt 待遇, 对待

🤩短语
  • heat treatment (热处理)

  • water treatment (水处理;水的处理)

  • wastewater treatment (污水处理)

  • medical treatment (治疗,医疗)

  • sewage treatment (废水处理;污水处理法)

  • surface treatment (表面处理)

  • treatment plant (污水净化厂)

  • after treatment (后处理;辅助工人;相继加工)

  • treatment group (治疗组;试验组)

  • waste water treatment (废水处理,污水处理)

  • treatment equipment (治疗设备)

  • treatment effect (治疗效果;处理效应)

  • biological treatment (生物处理)

  • waste treatment (废物处理)

  • sewage treatment plant (污水处理厂)

  • comprehensive treatment (综合治理;综合治疗;综合处理)

  • foundation treatment (地基处理,基础处理)

  • special treatment (特殊处理;特别待遇)

  • sludge treatment (污泥处理)

  • emergency treatment (急诊;急症治疗)

🎤例句
  • Just lately, Kyra has been giving me the silent treatment (= refusing to speak to me because she is angry with me ) . (就在最近,凯拉一直对我不理不睬。)
🤔同义词
  • therapy, transactions, settlement, disposal, computing ([临床]治疗,疗法;处理;对待)

5141. sanitation

,sæni'teiʃən 卫生(设施)

🤩短语
  • environmental sanitation (环境卫生)

  • food sanitation (食品卫生)

  • sanitation worker (环卫工人)

🎤例句
  • Overcrowding and poor sanitation are common problems in prisons. (过度拥挤和卫生状况差是监狱里的普遍问题。)
🤔同义词
  • hygiene of environment, environmental health ([医]环境卫生;卫生设备;下水道设施)

5142. entertainer

,entə'teinə 款待者, 表演娱乐节目的人

🎤例句
  • Sinatra remains one of the top entertainers of all time. (西纳特拉一直是最著名的艺人之一。)

  • street entertainers (街头艺人)

🤔同义词
  • player, showman (演艺人员,表演者)

5143. scrape

skreip 刮,擦

🤩短语
  • scrape together (东拼西凑)

  • scrape up (vt. 积攒;积蓄;凑集)

  • scrape off (刮掉;擦去)

  • scrape along (勉强糊口)

  • scrape through (勉强通过)

🎤例句
  • Scrape the carrots and slice them thinly. (把这些胡萝卜去皮切成薄片。)

  • The two of them scraped their dishes clean . (他们两个把盘子擦得干干净净。)

🤔同义词
  • difficulty, corner, dilemma, fix (刮掉;擦痕;困境;刮擦声)

  • raw, brush burn (刮;擦伤;挖成)

  • shave off (刮掉;刮出刺耳声)

5144. violently

'vaiələntli 猛烈地, 激烈地

🎤例句
  • Several people have been violently attacked in the subway. (有几个人在地铁里受到了暴力袭击。)
🤔同义词
  • strongly, extremely, heavily, hard, fiercely (猛烈地,激烈地;极端地)

5145. masonry

'meisənri 石工术, 石匠职业

🤩短语
  • masonry structure (砌体结构;砖石建筑物;石工结构)

  • brick masonry (砖砌体;砖砌圬工)

  • masonry wall (砌石墙;砌筑墙)

  • concrete masonry (混凝土圬工)

  • masonry construction (砌筑结构;砖石结构)

  • stone masonry (砌石;石圬工)

🎤例句
  • Several people were buried under falling masonry. (好几个人被埋在倒塌的砖石下面。)
🤔同义词
  • stoneworker (石工;石工行业;[建]石造建筑)

5146. flexibility

,fleksi'biliti 灵活性, 弹性

🤩短语
  • flexibility matrix (柔度矩阵;挠度矩阵)

  • strategic flexibility (战略柔性,战略弹性;策略灵活性)

  • flexibility method ([工程]柔度法;挠度法)

  • operational flexibility (操作弹性;运行灵活性)

🎤例句
  • Employees expect flexibility in the workplace. (员工们盼望工作安排有弹性。)
🤔同义词
  • give, elasticity, adaptability (灵活性;[力]弹性;适应性)

5147. obstruct

əb'strʌkt, ɔb- 阻塞,堵塞

🎤例句
  • A small aircraft was obstructing the runway. (一架小型飞机堵住了跑道。)

  • The column obstructed our view of the stage. (柱子挡着,我们看不见舞台。)

🤔同义词
  • let, violate (妨碍;阻塞;遮断)

  • plug up, block up (阻塞;设障碍)

5148. mediocre

,mi:di'əukə, 'mi:diəukə 平庸的

🎤例句
  • I thought the book was pretty mediocre. (我认为这本书非常一般。)

  • a mediocre student (能力一般的学生)

🤔同义词
  • ordinary, general, secondary, middle, average (普通的;平凡的;中等的)

5149. tributary

'tribjutəri 支流(的),进贡(的)

🎤例句
  • ...the Napo river, a tributary of the Amazon. (...纳波河,亚马孙河的一条支流。)
🤔同义词
  • subsidiary, assistant, helping (纳贡的;附属的;辅助的)

  • branch, distributary ([地理][水文]支流;进贡国;附属国)

5150. choosy

'tʃu:zi 好挑剔的

🎤例句
  • Skiers should be particularly choosy about the insurance policy they buy. (滑雪者在购买保险的问题上应特别谨慎。)
🤔同义词
  • picksome (好挑剔的)

5151. distinguishable

可区别的, 可辨别的

🎤例句
  • ...features that make their products distinguishable from those of their rivals. (…将他们的产品与其竞争对手们的产品区别开来的一些特色。)
🤔同义词
  • diacritical, cognizable (可区别的;辩认得出的;可辨识的)

5152. commute

通勤, 折换

乘车上下班

🎤例句
  • Mike commutes to Miami every day. (迈克每天通勤去迈阿密。)
🤔同义词
  • exchange for, give for (减刑;[数]交换;用……交换;使……变成)

5153. absenteeism

,æbsən'ti:izəm 旷课, 旷工

🎤例句
  • His boss discharged him for habitual absenteeism. (他的老板因他习惯性旷工而解雇了他。)

  • School refusal — any kind of absenteeism, from phobia to truancy, that can be traced to the child’s own actions and wishes — is at the very intersection of education, psychology and pediatrics. (拒学症---任何一种旷课,从恐惧到逃学,都能从孩子自身的品行和愿望上找到根源---而且是教育,心理学和儿科学等因素交织在一起。)

🤔同义词
  • truancy ([劳经]旷工;旷课;有计划的怠工;经常无故缺席)

5154. pointillist

'pɔintilist 点彩派画家

🎤例句
  • The book is composed, like a pointillist painting, of thousands of factual details. (这本书像是一副点彩画,由成千上万证据确凿的细节组合而成。)

  • That’s the science part. The artistry comes in when the surgeon makes tiny incisions for depositing the enriched fat cells, building a breast one dot-sized injection at a time like a 3-D pointillist. (除了科学因素外,艺术工作也参与了其中,外科医生就像三维点彩画家一样,在乳房上打开一个微小的切口,植入浓缩的脂肪细胞,每次注射会形成点状区域。)

5155. crudely

'kru:dli 粗糙地, 粗鲁地

🎤例句
  • The adult characters seemed too crudely drawn; the hopes and dreams of the fathers – and one assumes, the mothers – too easily dismissed. (成年人的角色塑造的太过粗糙,父亲们抑或是母亲们的希望和梦想太过轻易地被排斥。)
🤔同义词
  • roughly, coarsely (粗糙地;天然地;粗鲁地;不成熟地)

5156. ride

骑, 乘

🤩短语
  • ride on (依靠;骑在…上面;取决于)

  • ride comfort (n. 行驶舒适,(车辆)乘坐平顺性;运行舒适感)

  • go for a ride (骑车兜风,骑马出游)

  • ride a bike (骑自行车)

  • bus ride (乘公共汽车)

  • ride out (安全渡过;经受得住)

  • ride home (骑车回家)

  • ride a horse (骑马)

  • a rough ride (艰难的进程)

  • hitch a ride ([美国口语]要求免费搭车)

  • free ride (搭便车;搭顺风车;免费乘车;自由通过)

  • take a ride (兜风;载一程)

  • ride over (从容胜过;骑马来;压制;对…置之不理)

  • taxi ride (出租车旅行;乘坐出租车)

  • ride up ((衣服等离开了原来的位置)缩上去)

  • ride again ((以新的姿态)再次出现;恢复元气)

  • ride off (岔开去;离去;骑马(或自行车等)而去)

  • thumb a ride (搭便车;竖起大拇指向过路汽车作手势要求搭车)

  • ride down (践踏;骑马赶上)

  • get ride of (除去;避免;摆脱)

🎤例句
  • She learned to ride when she was seven. (她七岁时学会了骑马。)

  • He was riding a large grey mare. (他骑着一匹灰色的大母马。)

🤔同义词
  • horse, trust, swim (骑马;乘车;依靠;漂浮)

  • possess, regulate, contain, manage, bottle (骑;乘;控制)

  • vehicle, embarkation (骑;乘坐;交通工具;可供骑行的路)

5157. epistle

i'pisl 书信

🎤例句
  • Now immediately we can see that this is an epistle which has a great deal to teach us as we live in the last times of the Gentiles. (现在我们能看见当我们住在非犹太人的最后时期,这是一封常常有教我们的书信。)

  • And when this epistle is read among you, cause that it be read also in the church of the Laodiceans; and that ye likewise read the epistle from Laodicea. (你们念了这书信,便交给老底嘉的教会,叫他们也念。 你们也要念从老底嘉来的书信。)

🤔同义词
  • carta (书信;使徒书;书信体诗文)

5158. endotherms

'endəθə:m 温血动物, 恒温动物

🎤例句
  • For instance, humans are endotherms and maintain an internal temperature of 37℃, no matter whether the environment is warm or cold. (比如,人是恒温动物,无论环境温度是怎样,体温都维持在37℃。)

  • Many scientists have problems with the arguments you read in the passage. They don't think those arguments prove that dinosaurs were endotherms. (很多科学家对你们刚刚听到的文章持有不同意见。他么认为这些理由不能支持恐龙是恒温动物。)

5159. disseminate

di'semineit 散布,传播

🎤例句
  • Her findings have been widely disseminated . (她的发现已广为传播。)
🤔同义词
  • distribute, publicize, transmit (宣传,传播;散布)

  • shed, put about (散布;广为传播)

5160. berg

berg 冰山

🎤例句
  • At a time when sprawling shelves of ice are disintegrating, this berg seemed to signify more. (当伸展的冰架正在瓦解的时侯,这座冰山的出现更显得意味深长。)

  • While a Polar bear sleeping on an ice berg with its paws clutched around it like a toddler holding their teddy bear is truly cute. (当北极熊在冰山上睡觉时,爪子抓住周围,就像一个蹒跚学步的婴儿抓着他们的泰迪熊一样,那是真的非常可爱!)

5161. corpus

'kɔ:pəs 资料, 文集

🤩短语
  • corpus linguistics (语料库语言学)

  • corpus luteum ([医]黄体;[药]黄体素)

  • corpus callosum (胼胝体,脑胼胝体)

  • habeas corpus (人身保护权;人身保护法)

  • corpus christi ([天主教]基督圣体节)

  • corpus cavernosum (阴茎海绵体)

🤔同义词
  • collected works ([计]语料库;文集;本金)

5162. unchangeable

ʌn'tʃeindʒəbl 不变的,不能改变的

🎤例句
  • The doctrine is unchangeable. (这条教义是不可改变的。)
🤔同义词
  • constant, permanent, steady, balanced, quiet (不变的;不能改变的;安定的)

5163. patriot

'peitriət 爱国者

🤩短语
  • patriot act (爱国者法案)

  • patriot missile (爱国者导弹)

🎤例句
  • It has been suggested the founders were not true patriots but men out to protect their own interests. (有人指出创建者并非真正的爱国者,而是一些维护自己利益的人。)
🤔同义词
  • Aigo, The Patriot (爱国者)

5164. gel

dʒel 凝胶体 v成冻胶

🤩短语
  • silica gel (n. [化]硅胶)

  • gel electrophoresis ([化]凝胶电泳)

  • polyacrylamide gel (聚丙烯酰胺凝胶)

  • gel permeation chromatography (凝胶渗透色谱法)

  • gel strength (胶凝强度)

  • shower gel (沐浴露;胶状沐浴乳)

  • gel time (凝胶时间;胶化时间)

  • gel filtration (凝胶过滤;胶体过滤)

  • agarose gel (琼脂糖胶)

  • gel chromatography (凝胶色谱(法))

  • agarose gel electrophoresis (琼脂糖凝胶电泳)

  • silicon gel (硅胶)

  • eye gel (眼胶;眼霜;眼部睹喱)

  • gel coat (胶衣,凝胶涂层;凝胶漆)

  • gel pen (中性笔)

  • acrylamide gel (丙烯酰胺凝胶)

  • gel point (凝胶点)

  • agar gel (琼脂凝胶)

🎤例句
  • hair gel (发胶)

  • shower gel (沐浴露)

🤔同义词
  • jel, colloform ([物化]凝胶,胶体)

5165. ignorant

'iɡnərənt 无知的

🤩短语
  • ignorant of (不知道;不懂)
🎤例句
  • an ignorant and uneducated man (不学无术的人)
🤔同义词
  • dark, empty, innocent (无知的;愚昧的)

5166. illusory

i'lju:səri 虚幻的

🎤例句
  • First impressions can often prove illusory. (第一印象往往被证明是不真实的。)
🤔同义词
  • phantasmal, mendacious (错觉的;幻影的;虚假的;产生幻觉的)

5167. sparsely

'spa:sli 稀疏地

🤩短语
  • sparsely populated (人口稀少,人口稀疏)
🎤例句
  • If an entry is only sparsely filled in, the results may look more like Figure 8. (如果一个条目只填充了稀疏的内容,那么结果看上去就像图 8 那样。)

  • Instead, user mail files are sparsely distributed across a subset of servers within the cluster. (相反地,用户邮件文件稀疏地分布在集群内的部分服务器中。)

  • A carpet of deep green covers most of the rugged landscape, but patches of bare or sparsely vegetated ground occur around the fringes of this image. (一片深绿色的地毯覆盖了大部分崎岖的地表,而片片裸地或植被稀疏的地块散布于图片边缘。)

🤔同义词
  • thin, barely (稀疏地;贫乏地)

5168. methyl

'mi:θail, 'miθil 甲基, 木精

🤩短语
  • methyl methacrylate (甲基丙烯酸甲酯;异丁烯酸甲酯)

  • methyl ester (甲酯)

  • methyl alcohol (木精,甲醇(等于methanol))

  • methyl orange ([化]甲基橙;甲橙)

  • methyl acetate (乙酸甲酯)

  • methyl ether (甲醚;甲基醚)

  • methyl acrylate ([化]丙烯酸甲酯;[化]丙烯酸酯)

  • methyl cellulose ([医]甲基纤维素)

  • methyl ethyl ketone (甲乙酮;甲基乙基酮)

  • methyl formate (甲酸甲酯;甲酸薄荷醇酯)

  • methyl isobutyl ketone ([化]甲基异丁基甲酮(等于hexone))

  • methyl bromide (甲基溴;溴化甲烷)

  • methyl salicylate (水杨酸甲酯;冬绿油)

  • methyl chloride (氯甲烷;甲基氯)

  • methyl group (甲基)

  • methyl oleate (油酸甲酯)

  • methyl mercaptan (甲硫醇)

  • methyl parathion (甲基对硫磷)

  • methyl iodide (碘甲烷;[化][医]甲基碘;碘代烷)

  • methyl violet (甲基紫;龙胆紫;甲紫(消毒防腐药))

🎤例句
  • However, thiomersal, the preservative in some vaccines, contains ethyl mercury not methyl mercury. (然而,在某些疫苗中用作防腐剂的硫柳汞含乙基汞,并非含甲基汞。)

  • Further, ethyl mercury is actively excreted via the gut, unlike methyl mercury, which accumulates in the body. (另外,乙基汞通过肠道被积极排除出去,而不像甲基汞那样在体内积累。)

  • In particular, ethyl mercury decomposes much more quickly than methyl mercury and does not accumulate in the body. (特别是乙基汞的分解速度比甲基汞快很多,并且不会在体内累计。)

5169. worshipper

'wə:ʃipə 礼拜者

🎤例句
  • If a worshipper should make a mistake, do you not think God will know his intent? (如果崇拜者犯了错,那么,你以为上帝不知道他的意图吗)

  • But, in this view, God is so powerful and so transcendent that God will know the heart of the worshipper. (但是,在这个观点里,上帝是强大超群的,上帝会知晓崇拜者的心灵。)

  • Bethlehem, West Bank: A Christian worshipper inside the Church of Nativity, believed by many to be the birthplace of Jesus Christ (约旦河西岸,伯利恒:一个基督徒礼拜者在主诞教堂内,这里被认为是许多人认为是耶稣基督诞生的地方。)

🤔同义词
  • adorer, venerator (崇拜者;礼拜者;爱慕者)

5170. saturday

'sætədi; -dei 星期六

🤩短语
  • last saturday (上周六,上星期六)

  • saturday night special ([俚]小型廉价手枪)

🎤例句
  • He called her on Saturday morning at the studio. (他星期六早上在工作室给她打电话。)

  • Every Saturday dad made a beautiful pea and ham soup. (每个星期六爸爸都做一道鲜美的豌豆火腿汤。)

5171. watercourses

'wɔ:təkɔ:s, 'wɔ- 水流, 河道

🎤例句
  • This often results in huge holes in the ground, noxious spoil-heaps and polluted watercourses. (这常常会在地面上留下一个个巨大的坑,有毒的矸子山和污染的河道.)

5172. luxurious

lʌk'zjuəriəs, -'ʒuə- 奢侈的, 豪华的

🎤例句
  • a luxurious 30-room villa (一栋有30个房间的豪华度假别墅)
🤔同义词
  • abundant, super, full, extravagant (奢侈的;丰富的;放纵的;特级的)

5173. receptacle

ri'septəkl 容器

🤩短语
  • flower receptacle (花插)
🎤例句
  • a trash receptacle (垃圾箱)
🤔同义词
  • container, vessel, jack, pocket ([植]花托;容器;插座)

5174. motorcycle

'məutə,saikl 摩托车, 机车

🤩短语
  • motorcycle accessories (摩托车配件)

  • motorcycle engine (摩托车发动机;摩托车引擎)

  • motorcycle helmet (摩托车头盔)

  • motorcycle racing (摩托车赛)

  • motorcycle battery (摩托车电池)

  • motorcycle chain (摩托车链条)

🎤例句
  • You'd better encash your motorcycle at once. (你最好马上卖掉摩托车换成现款。)

  • She can ride a motorcycle, to say nothing of a bicycle. (她摩托车都会骑, 自行车更不在话下了。)

  • He runs behind a motorcycle for half an hour every morning. (他每天早晨跟在摩托车后面跑半个小时。)

🤔同义词
  • autocycle, motor van ([车辆]摩托车;机动车)

5175. recreation

,rekri'eiʃən, -kri:- 消遣, 娱乐

🤩短语
  • recreation center (娱乐中心;康乐中心;游憩中心)

  • recreation area (儿童游戏场;康乐用地;游憩用地)

  • recreation industry (旅游产业)

  • recreation room (n. 娱乐室;康乐室)

  • recreation park (休憩公园)

  • recreation centre (康乐中心;体育运动中心)

  • recreation ground (游乐场)

🎤例句
  • His only recreations are drinking beer and watching football. (他唯一的消遣就是喝啤酒和看足球比赛。)

  • the provision of recreation facilities (提供娱乐设施)

🤔同义词
  • entertainment, pleasure, sport, occupation, amusement (娱乐;消遣;休养)

5176. vest

vest 汗衫 vt使穿衣服, 授予

🤩短语
  • vest in (v. 归属于;授予)

  • bulletproof vest (防弹背心;避弹衣)

  • close to the vest (做事小心谨慎)

  • bullet-proof vest (防弹背心,防弹衣)

🤔同义词
  • shirt, waistcoat ([服装]背心;汗衫)

  • award, grant, invest, habit, give (授予;使穿衣)

5177. chemurgy

[化]农业化工,实用化学

🎤例句
  • The branch of chemistry that studies and finds ways to use raw materials from farm products to make industrial products is called chemurgy . (化学的一个分科就是要研究发现利用从农产品中提取的原料来创造新的产品,它被称为农业化学。)
🤔同义词
  • applied chemistry (应用化学;[农]农业化工)

5178. imitator

'imiteitə(r) 模仿者

🎤例句
  • He doesn't take chances; that's why he's survived and most of his imitators haven't. (他不去碰运气;这就是为什么他得以幸存下来,而他的大部分仿效者却没有。)

  • ...the Beatles and their many imitators. (...甲壳虫队及其很多效仿者们。 )

🤔同义词
  • simulator, aper (模仿者;[自]模拟器)

5179. edifice

'edifis 大厦, 大建筑物

🎤例句
  • Their head office was an imposing edifice. (他们的总部大楼是一幢宏伟建筑。)
🤔同义词
  • mansion, large building (大厦;大建筑物)

5180. wary

'wεəri 机警的

🤩短语
  • wary of (adj. 小心翼翼的;警觉的;谨防的)
🤔同义词
  • cautious, prudent (谨慎的;机警的;惟恐的;考虑周到的)

5181. surmise

'sə:maiz, sə:'maiz 猜测

🎤例句
  • There's so little to go on, we can only surmise what happened. (几乎没有什么可继续进行的,我们只能猜测发生过的事。)
🤔同义词
  • make a guess at, guess at sth (猜测;推测)

  • consider, guess at sth (猜测;认为)

  • speculation, theory, guess, projection (推测;猜度)

5182. disdain

dis'dein 轻蔑 v蔑视

🎤例句
  • Janet looked at him with disdain. (珍妮特轻蔑地看着他。)
🤔同义词
  • defiance, snotnose (蔑视)

5183. poisonous

'pɔizənəs 有毒的, 恶意的

🤩短语
  • poisonous gas (毒气;有毒气体)

  • poisonous substance (有毒物,毒性物质)

  • poisonous plant (有毒植物)

🎤例句
  • Some mushrooms are extremely poisonous. (一些蘑菇有剧毒。)

  • poisonous gases such as hydrogen sulfide (硫化氢等有毒气体)

  • poisonous substances (有毒物质)

  • She was bitten on the ankle by a poisonous snake . (她被毒蛇咬了脚踝。)

🤔同义词
  • toxic, evil, rank, vicious, venomous (有毒的;恶毒的;讨厌的)

5184. anti

'ænti, -tai 反对者 a反对的

🤔同义词
  • averse, opposing (反对的)

  • opponent, objector (反对者,反对论者)

5185. continuator

继续者

🎤例句
  • Whether you are the anti-innovator or the traditional continuator, the indispensable premise and foundation is fully understanding about tradition. (无论是反传统的革新者,还是维护传统的继承派,都必须充分地认识并理解传统是其必要的前提和基础。)

  • In other words, much attention was paid on that Mao Zedong is a continuator and developer of Marxism, rather than that he is also a continuator and developer of traditional culture. (换言之,以往只关注毛泽东是马克思主义的继承者和发展者,而忽略了发掘他作为传统文化继承者和弘扬者的一面。)

5186. grid

ɡrid 格子, 栅格

🤩短语
  • power grid (电力网;强信号栅极)

  • grid computing (网格计算)

  • grid system (坐标制;方格网制;电力网)

  • state grid (中国国家电网公司)

  • grid method (网格法;图网法;网络法)

  • grid structure (网格结构,网状结构;格子结构)

  • electricity grid (电网,电力网格)

  • grid voltage ([电]栅极电压)

  • national grid (n. [英]全国高压输电线网)

  • grid point (格点;网格点;坐标格网点)

  • grid pattern (网格图形;栅格测试图)

  • grid control ([电]栅极控制;棚极控制;网格控件)

  • grid plate (跳汰机筛板;格网板,栅板;布风板)

  • grid size (网格大小;栅格大小;磨料粒度)

  • steel grid (钢筋网格;格砖炉篦;钢格)

  • grid connection (网并联;栅极接线)

  • grid electrode (栅极)

  • grid current (栅极电流)

  • coordinate grid (坐标格网)

  • square grid (方格网;方栅)

🎤例句
  • ...a grid of ironwork. (…铁格栅。)
🤔同义词
  • reseau, latticework ([电子]网格;[数]格子,栅格;输电网)

5187. predispose

,pri:dis'pəuz (使)易罹患, (使)预先偏向于

🎤例句
  • They take pains to hire people whose personalities predispose them to serve customers well. (他们煞费苦心雇用那些具备把顾客服务好的个性的人。)

5188. aviator

飞行员

🎤例句
  • Like his father, he hopes to become a naval aviator. (与父亲一样,他希望成为海军飞行员。)

  • The Man Angel was lighter-than-air and had paddles like a rowboat that the aviator could pump. (“人类天使”比空气还轻,并且有着类似于小船的桨,飞行员可以驱动这些桨。)

  • Air Chief Marshal Glenn Torpy told the graduates: "This is probably one of the most significant milestones in an aviator's career. (空军上将格伦•托比在毕业典礼上致辞说:“这可能是飞行员职业生涯中最重要的里程碑之一。)

5189. preposterous

pri'pɔstərəs 荒谬的, 可笑的

🎤例句
  • The whole idea sounds absolutely preposterous! (整个想法听起来荒谬透顶!)
🤔同义词
  • ridiculous, absurd (荒谬的;可笑的)

5190. subtlety

'sʌbtlti 微妙, 精明

🎤例句
  • The play lacks subtlety. (这部戏不够精细。)

  • She argued her case with considerable subtlety. (她非常巧妙地为自己的论点辩护。)

🤔同义词
  • delicacy, acuity (微妙;敏锐;精明)

5191. suburb

'sʌbə:b 市郊, 郊区

🎤例句
  • a London suburb (一个伦敦郊区)

  • a kid from the suburbs (来自郊区的小孩子)

🤔同义词
  • margin, banlieue (郊区;边缘)

5192. streetcar

'stri:tka: 路面电车

🎤例句
  • She was wearing a uniform jacket and skirt, and I realized that she was streetcar conductor. (她穿着制服上衣和裙子,我明白她原来是有轨电车检票员。)

  • She was scrupulously clean, she showered every morning, and I liked the smell of perfume, fresh perspiration, and streetcar that she brought with her from work. (她有洁癖,每天早晨都洗澡,我喜欢香水味道,还有她从有轨电车带回来的清爽的汗水味道。)

  • Life in those areas, roughly paralleling the historic St. Charles Avenue streetcar line, has bounced back to normal. (大体上,在靠近闻名遐迩的圣查尔斯大街有轨电车线附近的那些地区,生活已恢复到了正常水平。)

🤔同义词
  • trolley car, trolley-bus ([车辆]有轨电车)

5193. oscillate

'ɔsileit 振荡

🎤例句
  • The associated cross-peak amplitude also appears to oscillate. (相关的交叉峰的幅度也在振荡。)
🤔同义词
  • destabilize (使振荡;使振动;使动摇)

  • hesitate, to swing (振荡;摆动;犹豫)

5194. aptly

'æptli 适当地,适宜地

🎤例句
  • The aptly named Skyline Restaurant provides spectacular views of the city below. (天际餐厅名副其实,可以俯瞰城市美景。)
🤔同义词
  • properly, well, adequately, appropriately, befittingly (适宜地;适当地)

5195. underfoot

,ʌndə'fut 在脚下面, 踩着地

🎤例句
  • ...a room, high and square with carpet underfoot and tapestries on the walls. (...天花板很高的一间四方的房间,脚下有地毯,墙上有挂毯。)

5196. ox

ɔks 牛, 公牛

🤔同义词
  • cattle, bull ([畜牧][脊椎]牛;公牛)

5197. developer

di'veləpə 开发者

🤩短语
  • real estate developer (房地产开发商)

  • application developer (应用程序开发员;应用发展人员)

🎤例句
  • a Florida property developer (佛罗里达州的一家房地产开发公司)
🤔同义词
  • eikonogen, developing agent (开发者;[摄][试剂]显影剂)

5198. worry

'wʌri, 'wə:ri 烦恼, 忧虑

🤩短语
  • worry oneself (担心,发愁)

  • worry about (焦虑…;担心…)

  • don't worry (不要紧;不用担心)

  • no worry (一无挂虑;无需烦恼)

  • worry over (为……担心,为……担忧)

🎤例句
  • The recent changes in the Earth’s climate are beginning to worry scientists. (近来地球的气候变化使科学家开始担忧起来。)

  • I didn’t tell Mum and Dad – I didn’t want to worry them. (我没告诉爸妈——我不想让他们担心。)

  • Doesn’t it worry you that Sarah spends so much time away from home? (萨拉整天往外跑,你不担心吗?)

🤔同义词
  • trouble, fear (担心;烦恼;撕咬)

  • harry, trouble, tear (担心;发愁;折磨)

  • trouble, concern about/for/over (担心;烦恼;撕咬)

5199. gourd

ɡuəd 葫芦

🤩短语
  • bitter gourd (苦瓜,苦味葫芦)

  • wax gourd (冬瓜)

  • towel gourd (丝瓜)

  • white gourd (n. [植]冬瓜)

  • bottle gourd (葫芦;瓢葫芦;葫芦瓜)

  • sponge gourd (n. 丝瓜)

🎤例句
  • I refused the last but washed down the fruit and vegetables with clear, cold water from a hollowed gourd. (我没有动第三碗,只就着一只葫芦里干净的凉水,把水果和蔬菜风卷残云地吃了下去。)

  • "I keep these stocks as my security, my backup, " he says, looking down at the gourd casks filled with what I now realize are seeds. (“我保存这些存货作为我的保障,我的后备,”他一边说,一边低头觑着那些葫芦罐,我这才认出那里面装满的是种子。)

  • The practice of carving and lighting the gourd is a Celtic custom brought to America by Irish immigrants, who used the more-plentiful turnip back home. (在葫芦上刻鬼脸并作为灯笼的习俗最早来自于凯尔特民族,由爱尔兰移民传至美国,而美国人更常用芜菁。)

🤔同义词
  • cucurbit, calabash (葫芦,葫芦属植物;脑瓜)