400_专四核心词汇
400. token
'təukən 表征;代币;记号
'təukən 象征的;表意的;作为对某事的保证的
'təukən 象征;代表
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by the same token (同样地;出于同样原因)
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as a token of (作为…的标志)
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token ring (令牌环(一个环状的区域网路))
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in token of (表示;作为…的标志)
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by this token (由此看来)
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token bucket ([计]令牌桶;令牌漏桶)
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token passing (令牌传递,令牌传送;通行令牌)
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token bus (令牌总线)
- ...slot-machine tokens. (…自动贩卖机使用的代用币。)
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marks, sign (表征;代币;记号)
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symbolic, emblematic (象征的;表意的;作为对某事的保证的)
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indicate, image, figure (象征;代表)
401. diplomacy
di'pləuməsi 外交;外交手腕;交际手段
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public diplomacy (公众外交;民间外交)
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chinese diplomacy (中国外交)
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ping-pong diplomacy (乒乓外交)
- international diplomacy (国际外交)
- outcrossing (外交;外交手腕;交际手段)
402. deafen
'defən 使聋;淹没
- The noise of the typewriters deafened her. (打字机的噪音震得她都要聋了。)
- flood, flow (使聋;淹没)
403. sapling
'sæpliŋ 树苗;年轻人
- seedling, young adult (树苗;年轻人)
404. concubine
'kɔnkjubain 妾;情妇;姘妇
- imperial concubine (皇妃)
- mistress, kept woman (妾;情妇;姘妇)
405. clutch
klʌtʃ 离合器;控制;手;紧急关头
klʌtʃ 攫;企图抓住
klʌtʃ 没有手提带或背带的;紧要关头的
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in the clutch ([口语]在关键时刻)
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electromagnetic clutch (电磁离合器)
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clutch at (抓住)
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friction clutch (摩擦离合器)
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automobile clutch (汽车离合器)
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clutch disc (离合器片;离合圆盘)
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clutch pedal (离合器踏板;离合皮板)
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clutch cover (离合器盖)
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overrunning clutch (单向离合器;超速离合器)
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clutch plate (离合器片,从动盘)
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safety clutch (过载离合器,安全离合器)
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automatic clutch (自动离合器)
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clutch brake (离合器制动器;离合脾;离合器煞车)
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clutch assembly (离合器总成)
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clutch housing (离合器壳)
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clutch disk (离合器)
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Tony fell into the clutches of an attractive American who introduced him to drugs. (托尼落入一个有魅力的美国人的掌控,那人给他介绍毒品。)
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I staggered and had to clutch at a chair for support. (我踉跄了几步,不得不抓住一把椅子扶稳。)
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control, hand, grasp, guiding, hold ([机]离合器;控制;手;紧急关头)
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grasp, noble, collar (抓住;紧握)
406. inferior
in'fiəriə 差的;自卑的;下级的,下等的
in'fiəriə 下级;次品
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inferior quality (低质量;次质量)
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inferior in (在…方面低劣)
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inferior vena cava (下腔静脉)
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inferior products (劣质产品)
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inferior coal (劣质煤)
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I felt very inferior among all those academics. (与那些大学教师在一起,我自惭形秽。)
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wine of inferior quality (劣质葡萄酒)
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inferior goods (质量低劣的商品)
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junior, lower (差的;自卑的;[植]下级的,下等的)
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lessness, subordinate (下级;次品)
407. conceive
kən'si:v 怀孕;构思;以为;持有
- conceive of (设想;想象)
- Scientists first conceived the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930’s. (在20世纪30年代,科学家第一次有了原子弹的设想。)
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design, hold (怀孕;构思;以为;持有)
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allow, think of, think about (怀孕;设想;考虑)
408. imply
im'plai 意味;暗示;隐含
- an implied threat (隐含的威胁)
- mean, hint at (意味;暗示;隐含)
409. summarize
'sʌməraiz 总结;概述
- The authors summarize their views in the introduction. (作者在序言里概述了他们的观点。)
- sum up, outline (总结;概述)
410. kowtow
,kəu'tau 叩头;卑躬屈膝
,kəu'tau 叩头
- See how stupidly they kow-tow to persons higher in the hierarchy. (瞧他们对上级唯命是从的样子是多么的愚蠢。)
- grovel (叩头;卑躬屈膝)
411. thrift
θrift 节俭;节约;[植] 海石竹
- They were rightly praised for their thrift and enterprise. (他们因勤俭节约和开创精神而受到了应得的表扬。)
- economy, saving (节俭;节约;[植]海石竹)
412. instruct
in'strʌkt 指导;通知;命令;教授
- instruct in (指教;教导)
- Eva went straight to the hotel, as instructed (= as she had been told ). (伊娃按照指示径直去了宾馆。)
- require, teach, coach, message, order (指导;通知;命令;教授)
413. prop
支柱,支撑物;支持者;道具;(橄榄球中的)支柱前锋
支撑,支持,维持;使倚靠在某物上
- prop up (v. 支撑;支持)
- Anna looks after costumes and props. (安娜管理服装和道具。)
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maintain, support, uphold, sustain (支撑;维持)
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leg, backbone, stay, advocate, mainstay ([矿业]支柱;支持者)
414. testify
'testifai 证明,证实;作证
- testify against (作对…不利的证明)
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Mr Molto has agreed to testify at the trial. (莫尔托先生已经同意出庭作证。)
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Can you testify that you saw the defendant at the scene of the crime? (你能作证你看到被告在犯罪现场吗?)
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demonstrate, prove, favor, make sure, argue (证明,证实;作证)
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seal of, give evidence of (作证;证明)
415. sow
səu 播种;散布;使密布
səu 母猪
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sow seeds (播种)
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sow one's wild oats (放荡)
- Sow the seeds in late March. (三月底播种。)
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seed, distribute, spread (播种;散布;使密布)
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seed (播种)
416. apricot
'eiprikɔt 杏,杏子;[园艺] 杏树;杏黄色
'eiprikɔt 杏黄色的
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apricot kernel (杏仁;杏核油)
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dried apricot (杏脯)
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apricot tree (杏树)
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apricot kernel oil (杏仁油)
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apricot blossom (杏花)
- ...12 oz apricots, halved and pitted. (…12盎司的杏,切成了两半并去了核。)
- almond ([园艺]杏,杏子;杏树;杏黄色)
417. election
i'lekʃən 选举;当选;选择权;上帝的选拔
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presidential election (总统选举;总统大选)
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general election (大选,普选)
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election campaign (竞选运动;选举活动)
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election day (选举日)
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election committee (选举委员会)
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primary election ((美)初选;预选)
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by election (通过选举)
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competitive election (差额选举)
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special election (补选)
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snap election (提前选举;临时选举;仓促的选举)
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The Labour Party won the 2001 election by a huge majority. (工党在2001年选举中以巨大优势获胜。)
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Elections for the state governorship will be on November 25. (州长选举将于11月25日举行。)
- option, vote, choice (选举;当选;选择权;上帝的选拔)
418. wrist
rist 手腕;腕关节
rist 用腕力移动
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wrist watch (n. 手表)
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wrist strap (防静电手环,腕带)
- He broke his wrist climbing rocks for a cigarette ad. (他为了一个香烟广告攀岩折断了手腕。)
- savoir faire (手腕;[解剖]腕关节)
419. dairy
'dεəri 奶制品;乳牛;制酪场;乳品店;牛奶及乳品业
'dεəri 乳品的;牛奶的;牛奶制的;产乳的
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dairy industry (乳品业,乳品加工业;乳制品行业)
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dairy product (乳制品)
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dairy cattle (奶牛;乳畜)
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dairy produce (乳制品)
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dairy farm (n. 乳牛场)
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dairy cow (n. 奶牛;乳牛)
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dairy farming (乳品业;乳牛业;酪农业)
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dairy farmer (奶农;畜牧工人)
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dairy food (乳品;乳制品)
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dairy factory (乳制品加工厂)
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In my childhood, local dairies bought milk from local farmers. (在我小时候,本地的乳品公司向当地农场主收购牛奶。)
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He avoids all meat and dairy products. (他不吃任何肉类和奶制品。)
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milker, milking cow (奶制品;乳牛;制酪场;[食品]乳品店;牛奶及乳品业)
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milky ([食品]乳品的;牛奶的;牛奶制的;产乳的)
420. Tory
'tɔ:ri; 'təu- 保守党员
'tɔ:ri; 'təu- 保守主义的
- a lifelong Tory (一名终身的保守党党员)
421. hateful
'heitful 可憎的;可恨的;可恶的
- It was all the fault of that hateful man! (都是那个可恶的人造的孽!)
- detestable, blanky (可憎的;可恨的;可恶的)
422. carnival
'kɑ:nivəl 狂欢节,嘉年华会;饮宴狂欢
- carnival parade (狂欢节队伍)
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preparations for this year’s carnival (今年狂欢节的准备工作)
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when it’s Carnival in Rio (里约热内卢举行狂欢节的时候)
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a carnival atmosphere in the town (城里的狂欢气氛)
- Dionysia, Fasching (狂欢节,嘉年华会;饮宴狂欢)
423. sinister
'sinistə 阴险的;凶兆的;灾难性的;左边的
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There is a sinister side to these events. (这些事件有邪恶的一面。)
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He was a handsome man, in a sinister sort of way. (他英俊的外貌中带着一点阴险。)
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a sinister atmosphere (不祥的气氛)
- insidious, snaky (阴险的;凶兆的;灾难性的;左边的)
424. reform
ri'fɔ:m 改革,改良;改正
ri'fɔ:m 改革,革新;重新组成
ri'fɔ:m 改革的;改革教会的
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curriculum reform (课程改革)
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educational reform (教育改革)
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reform and opening-up (改革开放)
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economic reform (经济改革)
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deepen the reform (深化改革)
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reform measures (改革措施)
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technical reform (技术改造)
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tax reform (税制改革)
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land reform (土地改革)
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political reform (政治改革,政制改革;变法)
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social reform (社会改革;社会改良)
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institutional reform (体制改革;制度改革)
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promote reform (促进改革)
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democratic reform (民主改革)
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economy and reform (经济与改革)
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banking reform (金融改革,银行改革)
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reform school (n. 教养院;少年感化院;少年犯管教所)
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agrarian reform (土地改革)
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tariff reform (关税改革)
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shareholding reform (股份制改造)
- Reforms were made to revive the economy. (为复苏经济而进行了改革。)
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transformation, correction, amendment (改革,改良;改正)
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renovate, reconstitute (改革,革新;重新组成)
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shake up, realign (重组;改过)
425. sardine
'sɑ:di:n, sɑ:'di:n 沙丁鱼;庸碌无能的人
'sɑ:di:n, sɑ:'di:n 使拥挤不堪
- like sardines ((像沙丁鱼罐头一样)紧紧地挤在一起,拥挤的)
- commuters packed like sardines on the evening train (晚班火车上挤得像沙丁鱼一样的通勤乘客)
- pilchard ([鱼]沙丁鱼;庸碌无能的人)
426. axe
æks 斧
æks 削减;用斧砍
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get the axe (被开除)
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an axe to grind (另有所图;有不同意见;别有用心)
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ice axe (冰镐)
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The edge of this axe has turned. (这把斧子卷了刃了。)
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He had just hit her over the head with the blunt end of an axe, fracturing her skull in three places. (就在刚刚,他用斧子另一端猛敲了妮基的头一下,将她的颅骨敲断裂成了三块。)
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If all else fails, take all the unused hardware out to the back yard and go to town with a handy bat, golf club, machete, or axe. (如果一切都失败了,采取一切无用的硬件出到后院,去同一个方便的球棒,高尔夫球俱乐部,砍刀,斧头或到城里。)
- cut to the bone, cut down to (削减;用斧砍)
427. backyard
'bæk'jɑ:d 后院;后庭
- The old man grew vegetables in his backyard. (老人在屋后院子里种了蔬菜。)
- base-court (后院;后庭)
428. rye
rai 黑麦;吉卜赛绅士
rai 用黑麦制成的
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rye bread (黑面包)
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rye flour (黑麦粉;裸麦粉)
- rye bread (黑麦面包)
429. climax
'klaimæks 高潮;顶点;层进法;极点
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climax community (顶极群落(在不受骚扰的情况下能生长的所有植物))
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come to a climax (达到顶点(或高潮))
- The festival reaches its climax with the traditional boat-burning ceremony. (传统的烧船仪式将节庆活动推向了高潮。)
- height, summit, sky, peak, pole (高潮;顶点;层进法;极点)
430. draft
汇票;草稿;选派;(尤指房间、烟囱、炉子等供暖系统中的)(小股)气流
起草;制定;征募
初步画出或(写出)的;(设计、草图、提纲或版本)正在起草中的,草拟的;以草稿形式的;草图的
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first draft (初稿)
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draft at (汇票期限)
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draft resolution (提案;决议草案)
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sight draft ([经]即期汇票)
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draft tube (尾水管;通风管;引流管)
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draft at sight (即期汇票)
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draft contract (合同草案)
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draft beer (生啤酒)
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bank draft ([经]银行汇票,银行票据)
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draft fan (抽风机;通风机;通气风扇)
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rough draft (草稿;底子)
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induced draft (诱导通风;进气通风)
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on draft ((啤酒)散装的,可从容器中随时直接汲出的)
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induced draft fan (引风机;抽风式风扇)
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draft out (起草)
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draft plan (草图,草案)
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documentary draft (跟单汇票;押汇汇票)
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natural draft (自然通风)
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time draft (定期汇票)
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final draft (最终稿,正稿)
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the rough draft of his new novel (他的新小说的草稿)
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I read the first draft and thought it was very good. (我读了第一稿,觉得非常好。)
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All parties eventually approved the final draft (= finished form ) of the peace treaty. (各方最后都同意了和平条约的终稿。)
431. confidently
'kɔnfədəntli 自信地;安心地
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Any time we make a corner case into an error we need to carefully specify exactly what the error case is so that we can implement it correctly and test it confidently. (每当我们让一种特殊情况变成一个错误时,我们需要细心辨别出错误情况究竟是什么,这样我们才能正确地执行它,并且自信地测试它。)
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I said confidently. (我自信地说道。)
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I skipped over zero as we counted, but she confidently picked up the number and declared it an oval. (当我们数数时,我跳过了零,但我女儿很自信地说出了零,并且说零是一个椭圆。)
- assertorically, securely (自信地;安心地)
432. rub
rʌb 擦;摩擦;惹怒
rʌb 摩擦;障碍;磨损处
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rub off (擦掉;使显得暗淡)
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rub shoulders with (与……接触,并肩)
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rub off on (感染;沾上;由于摩擦而在…上留下痕迹)
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rub it in ([美俚]反复讲别人不爱听的事;(故意)触人痛处)
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rub in (v. 用力擦入;反复讲)
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rub up (vt. 擦亮;揉和;激起)
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rub on (勉强度过)
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rub out (擦掉,擦去)
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rub elbows (交际,接触)
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rub down (按摩,用力擦遍;擦掉)
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rub up against (接近…)
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rub against (v. 摩擦)
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You’ll have to rub harder if you want to get it clean. (如果你想把它弄干净,就得更使劲地擦。)
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I hurriedly rubbed myself dry. (我赶紧把自己擦干。)
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She sometimes asks if I want a back rub. (她有时问我是否想要一次背部按摩。)
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wipe, mop up (擦;摩擦;惹怒)
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mop up, wipe (擦;摩擦;擦破)
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friction, bar, obstacle, dam, let (摩擦;障碍;磨损处)
433. roar
rɔ: 咆哮;吼;轰鸣
rɔ: 咆哮;吼叫;喧闹
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the roar of the crowd (人群的喊叫声)
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He let out a roar of laughter . (他放声大笑。)
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snarl, rave (咆哮;吼;轰鸣)
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gnar, huff and puff (咆哮;吼叫;喧闹)
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yell out, huff and puff (咆哮;呼喊;使……轰鸣)
434. confess
kən'fes 承认;坦白;忏悔;供认
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Occasionally people confess to crimes they haven’t committed just to get attention. (偶尔人们会承认自己并未犯过的罪行,那只是为了引人注意。)
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Torture was used and Fian confessed. (酷刑用过之后菲安就招供了。)
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accept, recognize, agree, acknowledge, grant (承认;坦白;忏悔;[法]供认)
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accept, recognize (承认;坦白;忏悔;[法]供认)
435. consume
kən'sju:m 消耗,消费;使…著迷;挥霍
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propensity to consume (消费倾向)
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marginal propensity to consume ([经]边际消费倾向)
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Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled. (我们消耗的纸张只有 27% 得到回收利用。)
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A smaller vehicle will consume less fuel. (汽车小耗费燃料也少。)
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waste, to use up (消耗,消费;使…著迷;挥霍)
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peter, spend (耗尽,毁灭;耗尽生命)
436. torrential
tɔ'renʃəl, tɔ:-, tə- 猛烈的,汹涌的;奔流的
- torrential rain (暴雨;倾盆大雨;骤雨)
- fierce, violent, hard (猛烈的,汹涌的;奔流的)
437. semester
si'mestə 学期;半年
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fall semester (秋季班,秋季学期)
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spring semester (春季学期)
- the fall semester (秋季学期)
- session, term (学期;半年)
438. strife
straif 冲突;争吵;不和
- internal strife (内讧;萧墙之祸;内乱)
- Money is a major cause of strife in many marriages. (钱在许多婚姻中是导致冲突的一个主要原因。)
- interference, conflict, argument, war, collision (冲突;争吵;不和)
439. mathematical
,mæθi'mætikəl 数学的,数学上的;精确的
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mathematical model (数学模型)
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mathematical statistics (数理统计;数学统计)
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mathematical method (数学模型,数学法)
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mathematical analysis (数学分析)
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mathematical modeling (数学建模;数学模拟)
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mathematical expression (数学表达式)
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mathematical programming (数学规划)
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mathematical formula (数学公式)
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mathematical knowledge (数学知识)
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mathematical physics (数理物理学)
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mathematical problem (数学问题;数学题)
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mathematical equation (数学方程式)
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mathematical logic (数理逻辑)
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mathematical expectation (数学的期望值)
-
mathematical modelling (数学建模;数学模型;数学模拟)
-
mathematical ability (数学能力;数理能力)
-
mathematical induction (数学归纳法)
-
mathematical economics (数理经济学)
-
probability and mathematical statistics (概率论与数理统计)
-
mathematical structure (n. 数学结构)
-
mathematical analysis (数学分析)
-
the development of mathematical skills (数学技能的发展)
-
a mathematical genius (数学天才)
- accurate, precise, strict, rigid, refined (数学的,数学上的;精确的)
440. soak
səuk 吸收,吸入;沉浸在(工作或学习中);使……上下湿透
səuk 浸;湿透;大雨
-
soak in (吸收;被深刻领会)
-
soak up (v. 吸收)
-
soak time (浸泡时间)
-
soak into (v. 渗透入)
-
soak up the sun (v. 沐日光浴)
-
soak out (v. 浸泡出)
-
Soak the clothes in cold water. (把衣服浸泡在冷水里。)
-
Let the pans soak; I’ll wash them later. (把锅泡着吧,我过一会儿再洗。)
-
absorb, drink in (吸收,吸入;沉浸在(工作或学习中);使……上下湿透)
-
dip in, sink (浸泡;渗透)
-
drenching, downfall (浸;湿透;大雨)
441. respective
ri'spektiv 分别的,各自的
-
We all went back to our respective homes to wait for news. (我们都各自回家等待消息。)
-
the respective roles of teachers and students (教师和学生各自不同的角色)
- several, each (分别的,各自的)
442. rheumatism
'ru:mətizəm, 'ru- [内科] 风湿病
-
Due to the harsh environment, at least one person in each household suffers from diseases like rheumatism, stomach complaint and gynecological disease. (恶劣的生活环境导致了每个家庭都有成员存在不同程度的疾病。 风湿病、胃病、妇科病常伴着他们。)
-
Arsenic was also widely available at the time, handed out in the form of Fowler's Solution as a treatment for everything from rheumatism – something Austen complained of in her letters – to syphilis. (砷在当时以福勒氏溶液(亚砷酸钾溶液)的形式被广泛使用:该溶液被作为一种医治百病的药剂——从风湿病到梅毒——奥斯汀在信中曾抱怨过此事。)
443. enlarge
in'lɑ:dʒ 扩大;放大;详述
- enlarge on (详述)
-
an operation to enlarge her breasts (她的丰胸手术)
-
Police will have the pictures enlarged in an attempt to identify the thief. (为了确认窃贼的身份,警方会将这些照片放大。)
-
extend, broaden (扩大;放大;详述)
-
extend, grow (扩大;使增大;扩展)
444. hippo
'hipəu 河马;吐根
-
This photo of a hippo at Disney World has absolutely nothing to do with this post and only serves to confuse things. (这张迪斯尼世界河马照片绝对与本文章毫无关联,放这里只会让你莫名其妙。)
-
"One thing we know about the Herto people, they had a taste for meat, especially hippos, " White said, brushing some sand off a hippo skull. (“我们知道赫托人已经开始吃肉了,尤其是河马肉,”怀特一边说着,一边将一具河马头骨上的沙土拭去。)
-
Described as one of the most aggressive creatures in the animal kingdom, an adult hippo can apply several tons of pressure in a single bite. (成年河马是动物王国里最有攻击力的家伙之一,它一嘴咬下来的压力就能有好几吨。)
- river horse, ipecac (河马;吐根)
445. draw
drɔ: 画;拉;吸引
drɔ: 平局;抽签
-
draw lessons from (从…吸取教训)
-
draw up (草拟,起草;停住;使靠近)
-
draw on (利用;吸收;戴上;临近)
-
draw a conclusion (得出结论;作结论)
-
draw out (取出;拟订;拉长;导致)
-
draw in (引诱;进站;接近黄昏;紧缩开支)
-
draw the conclusion (得出结论;推断)
-
draw attention (引起注意)
-
draw from (从…中得到;从…提取)
-
draw near (靠近;接近)
-
lucky draw (幸运抽奖)
-
draw a picture (画一张图;画幅画)
-
draw upon (利用;[经]开出;总结)
-
draw back (拉开;收回;退却;使保持距离)
-
draw a line (画一条线,划一界线)
-
draw nigh (接近,临近)
-
draw against (按…开具;打成平局)
-
draw together (聚集;靠拢)
-
draw bead (张力调整杆;拉深压边筋;拉道)
-
draw down (引来,招致;从涂层取样)
-
Katie had drawn a cottage with a little stream running next to it. (凯蒂画了一间小茅舍,旁边流淌着一条小溪。)
-
She asked the little girl to draw a picture of the man she’d spoken to. (她让小女孩把刚才和她说话的那个男人画出来。)
-
Keith was drawing a complicated-looking graph. (基思在画一张看上去很复杂的图表。)
-
I’ve never been able to draw very well. (我从来就画不好图画。)
-
picture, absorb, pull, attract, engage (画;拉;吸引)
-
pull (拉;拖)
-
lot, tie (平局;抽签)
446. monologue
'mɔnəlɔɡ 独白
- interior monologue (n. 内心独白)
- Henry looked up, then continued his monologue. (亨利抬起头,然后继续他的长篇独白。)
- soliloquy (独白)
447. blend
blend 混合
blend 混合;掺合物
-
blend in (混合,加入;调和)
-
blend with (与…混和)
-
blend into (融入...;与...融合)
-
polymer blend (共混聚合物)
-
blend ratio (掺合比;调合比)
-
blend fabric (混纺织物)
-
wool blend (羊毛混纺)
-
blend composition ([化]混合组成)
- a story that blends fact and legend (事实与传说相糅合的一个故事)
-
compound, mix together, intermingle with, to mix ([天]混合)
-
sort, concert ([天]混合;协调)
-
mixture, mix ([天]混合;[油气]掺合物)
448. quest
kwest 追求;寻找
kwest 追求;寻找
-
quest for (追求;探索,设法找到)
-
in quest of (探寻,寻求;为了追求……)
-
They journeyed to the distant Molucca islands in quest of spices. (他们远赴摩鹿加群岛寻找香料。)
-
He had been questing for religious belief from an early age. (他从早年开始就一直在寻求宗教信仰。)
-
...his questing mind and boundless enthusiasm. (…他的探索型头脑和无限的热情)
-
pursuit, looking for (追求;寻找)
-
pursue / pursuit, go after (追求;寻找)
-
explore, search after (探索)
449. amid
在其中,在其间
(Amid)人名;(法、阿拉伯)阿米德
- The dollar has fallen in value amid rumors of weakness in the US economy. (在一片美国经济疲软的传言中,美元贬值了。)
- in the interim (在其中,在其间)
450. slice
slais 薄片;部分;菜刀,火铲
slais 切下;把…分成部分;将…切成薄片
-
a slice of (一片,一份)
-
thin slice (薄片)
-
slice of bread (面包片)
-
time slice (时间片;时间片段;时间区分)
-
slice off (v. 切开;割掉)
-
tissue slice (组织切片)
-
pizza slices (比萨块)
-
Cut the tomatoes into slices . (把番茄切成片。)
-
proportion, part, portion, percent, integral (薄片;部分;菜刀,火铲)
-
chip off, chip out (切下;把…分成部分;将…切成薄片)
-
cut open, to cut (切开;割破)
451. merciless
'mə:silis 残忍的;无慈悲心的
-
a merciless attack (无情的攻击)
-
a merciless killer (残忍的杀手)
- cruel, brutal (残忍的;无慈悲心的)
452. relaxation
,ri:læk'seiʃən 放松;缓和;消遣
-
stress relaxation (应力松弛;应力弛豫)
-
relaxation time (弛豫时间,松驰时间)
-
relaxation method (松弛法;弛豫法;逐次近似法)
-
relaxation process (弛豫过程)
-
relaxation training (放松训练;放松练习;松弛训练)
-
relaxation effect (松弛效应)
-
relaxation modulus (松弛模量)
-
relaxation test (松弛试验;驰豫试验)
-
relaxation factor (松弛因子,松弛因素)
-
relaxation therapy (放松疗法;松弛疗法;弛缓疗法)
-
strain relaxation (应变松驰)
-
relaxation spectrum (松弛光谱)
-
I play the piano for relaxation. (我弹钢琴自娱。)
-
Meditation allows you to enter a state of deep relaxation . (冥想能使你进入完全放松的状态。)
- entertainment, occupation, recreation (放松;缓和;消遣)
453. hood
hud 头巾;覆盖;兜帽
hud 罩上;以头巾覆盖
-
robin hood (n. 罗宾汉;(罗宾汉式的)绿林好汉)
-
range hood (抽油烟机)
-
under the hood (下罩;下面的套;在引擎盖下面)
-
fume hood (通风橱;烟橱)
-
little red riding hood (小红帽)
-
exhaust hood (排汽室;后汽缸)
-
engine hood (发动机罩;引擎罩(盖))
- Why don’t you put your hood up if you’re cold? (你冷的话为什么不把风帽拉起来?)
- coverage, headkerchief (头巾;覆盖;兜帽)
454. county
'kaunti 郡,县
-
autonomous county (自治县)
-
county town (n. 县城;郡的首府)
-
county seat (郡政府所在地)
-
county court (n. 州法院;地方法院)
-
county fair ((美)县集市)
-
county council ([法]郡议会)
- Fairfax County, Virginia (弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县)
- prefecture, shire (郡,县)
455. besiege
bi'si:dʒ 围困;包围;烦扰
- In April 655, Osman’s palace was besieged by rebels. (公元655年4月,奥斯曼的宫殿遭到叛军围攻。)
- eat, invest, case, burden (围困;包围;烦扰)
456. significance
siɡ'nifikəns 意义;重要性;意思
-
economic significance (经济重要性)
-
statistical significance (统计显著性;统计数据)
-
significance test (显著性检验;显著性测定)
-
significance level ([化]显著水平,显著性水平)
-
political significance (政治意义)
-
level of significance (显著性水准)
-
psychological significance (心理学意义)
-
significance of difference (差异显著性)
- Ideas about the social significance of religion have changed over time. (有关宗教的社会意义的观念已随时间的流逝发生了改变。)
- meaning, stress, weight, consequence (意义;重要性;意思)
457. scrub
skrʌb 矮树;洗擦;擦洗者;矮小的人(或物)
skrʌb 用力擦洗;使净化
skrʌb 矮小的;临时凑合的;次等的
-
body scrub (身体角质;身体磨砂膏)
-
scrub typhus (恙虫病;洪水热)
- I gave the floor a good scrub . (我把地板仔细刷洗了一遍。)
-
small, scouring (矮树;洗擦;擦洗者;矮小的人(或物))
-
depurate (用力擦洗;使净化)
-
dwarfish, runty (矮小的;临时凑合的;次等的)
458. fission
'fiʃən 裂变;分裂;分体;分裂生殖法
- nuclear fission ([物]核裂变;原子核分裂)
- fragmentation, disruption ([核]裂变;[生物]分裂;分体;[细胞]分裂生殖法)
459. viewpoint
'vju:pɔint 观点,看法;视角
- Different viewpoints produce different images. (角度不同,产生的画面也不同。)
- perspective, outlook, eye, perception, sentiment ([计]观点,看法;视角)
460. crest
krest [物] 波峰;冠;山顶;顶饰
krest 到达绝顶;形成浪峰
-
wave crest (n. 波峰)
-
neural crest (神经嵴)
-
iliac crest (髂嵴;髂骨)
-
crest value (峰值;巅值;最大值)
-
crest factor (波峰因素;峰值系数;振幅因数)
-
dam crest (坝顶)
- exotic birds with colourful crests (羽冠鲜艳多彩的珍禽)
- wavecrest, mountaintop ([物]波峰;冠;[地理]山顶;顶饰)
461. enamel
i'næməl 搪瓷;珐琅;瓷釉;指甲油
i'næməl 彩饰;涂以瓷釉
-
enamel coating (搪瓷护膜;搪瓷表层)
-
porcelain enamel (搪瓷;瓷釉)
-
enamel paint (瓷漆)
-
coal tar enamel (煤焦油磁漆)
- ...a white enamel saucepan. (…一个白色搪瓷煮锅。)
462. salesclerk
'seilzklɑ:k, -klə:k 售货员;商店里的店员
- What I dislike most is the word‘No Problem’replies from salesclerk. (我讨厌售货员突然靠上来。 但我最讨厌的,是售货员说‘没问题’。)
- seller, counterjumper ([贸易]售货员;商店里的店员)
463. logic
'lɔdʒik 逻辑;逻辑学;逻辑性
'lɔdʒik 逻辑的
-
fuzzy logic (模糊逻辑)
-
programmable logic (可编程序逻辑)
-
logic control (逻辑控制)
-
programmable logic controller (可编程序逻辑控制器)
-
control logic (控制逻辑)
-
logic system (逻辑系统)
-
logic circuit (逻辑电路)
-
fuzzy logic control (模糊逻辑控制)
-
digital logic (数字逻辑)
-
temporal logic (时序逻辑;时间逻辑)
-
logic design ([计]逻辑设计)
-
mathematical logic (数理逻辑)
-
formal logic (形式逻辑)
-
logic analyzer (逻辑分析仪;逻辑分析器)
-
logic operation (逻辑运算)
-
propositional logic (命题逻辑)
-
sequential logic (时序逻辑;顺序逻辑;循序逻辑)
-
predicate logic (谓词逻辑)
-
logic programming (逻辑编程)
-
modal logic (模态逻辑;情态逻辑)
- There isa certain logicin their choice of architect. (他们对建筑师的选择是有一定道理的。)
464. honeymoon
'hʌnimu:n 蜜月;蜜月假期;(新生事物、新建关系等的)短暂的和谐时期
'hʌnimu:n 度蜜月
-
honeymoon suite (蜜月套房)
-
second honeymoon (二度蜜月)
- By 1987, the honeymoon was over . (到1987年,蜜月期已经过去。)
465. hatred
'heitrid 憎恨;怨恨;敌意
- racial hatred (种族仇恨)
-
A look of pure hatred flashed across her face. (她脸上闪过十足的仇恨表情。)
-
the old hatreds and prejudices that simmered below the surface (长久以来憋在心中的仇恨与偏见)
- hate, despite, spite (憎恨;怨恨;敌意)
466. safety
'seifti 安全;保险;安全设备;保险装置;安打
-
safety management (安全管理)
-
in safety (安全地;平安地;处于安全地区)
-
traffic safety (交通安全;行车安全)
-
with safety (adj. 放心地(安全地))
-
safety evaluation (安全性评价)
-
health and safety (卫生安全;安全保健部门;健康与安全部门)
-
safety system (安全系统;安全设备)
-
safety in production (安全生产)
-
safety control (安全控制;安全保障;安全管制)
-
safety factor (安全系数)
-
work safety (作用安全性)
-
fire safety (消防安全)
-
safety standards (安全标准)
-
public safety (公共安全;公安)
-
safety valve (安全阀,安全活门)
-
road safety (道路安全;行车安全)
-
safety performance (安全性能;安全绩效)
-
personal safety (人身安全;个人安全)
-
occupational safety (职业安全)
-
safety protection (安全防护)
-
You shouldn’t travel alone, for safety’s sake . (为安全起见,不要独自一人旅行。)
-
For your own safety , please do not smoke inside the plane. (为了您自身的安全,请不要在飞机上吸烟。)
- insurance, security, assurance ([安全]安全;保险;安全设备;保险装置;安打)
467. dilemma
di'lemə, ,dai- 困境;进退两难;两刀论法
-
in a dilemma (进退两难,左右为难)
-
prisoner's dilemma (囚徒困境,囚徒困境悖论)
-
moral dilemma (道德上的左右为难;道德两难处境;伦理两难)
-
ethical dilemma (道德困境;伦理困境)
-
a moral dilemma (道德上进退两难的窘境)
-
This placed Robert Kennedy in a dilemma. (这让罗伯特·肯尼迪陷入了两难的境地。)
-
Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments. (许多女性面临着出去工作还是照顾家庭的两难境地。)
- difficulty, corner, fix, predicament (困境;进退两难;两刀论法)
468. exception
ik'sepʃən 例外;异议
-
with the exception of (除了…以外)
-
without exception (无例外地,一律)
-
with the exception (除了…情况)
-
no exception (没有例外;无一例外)
-
an exception to (…的一个例外)
-
exception handling (异常处理,异常情况处理;例外处理)
-
exception to the rule (出轨边缘)
-
make an exception (例外,破例)
-
take exception (反对;有反感)
-
exception handler (异常处理程序)
-
It’s been cold, but today’s an exception. (天气一直寒冷,但今天是个例外。)
-
The law applies to all EU countries; Britain is no exception. (这项法律适用于所有欧盟国家,英国也不例外。)
-
We don’t usually accept checks, but for you we’ll make an exception (= not include you in this rule ). (我们一般不接受支票,但对你我们就破个例。)
-
The spelling of this word is an interesting exception to the rule. (这个单词的拼法是该规则一个有趣的例外。)
-
Successful two-career couples are still the exception, not the rule (= used to emphasize that something is unusual ). (夫妇俩都事业有成的仍不常见。)
- dissention, demurral (例外;异议)
469. demerit
di:'merit 缺点,短处;过失
- merit and demerit (优缺点)
- Demerits were given to students for late attendance at prayers. (祷告会上迟到的学生被记过了。)
- defect, error, deficiency, disadvantage, vice (缺点,短处;过失)
470. preposition
,prepə'ziʃən 介词;前置词
- There is nothing in the rules of grammar to suggest that ending a sentence with a preposition is wrong. (在语法规则中没有哪一条表明以介词结束一个句子是错误的。)
471. documentary
,dɔkju'mentəri 记录的;文件的;记实的
,dɔkju'mentəri 纪录片
-
documentary film (纪录片;文献片)
-
documentary credit (押汇信用证)
-
documentary evidence (证明文件;书面证明)
-
documentary draft (跟单汇票;押汇汇票)
-
documentary letter of credit (跟单信用证;跟单信用状)
-
documentary proof (文件证明)
-
documentary collection (跟单托收)
- documentary films (纪录影片)
- recorded (记录的;文件的;记实的)
472. porcelain
'pɔ:səlin, -lein 瓷;瓷器
'pɔ:səlin, -lein 瓷制的;精美的
-
pottery and porcelain (陶瓷;陶瓷器)
-
blue and white porcelain (青花瓷;青花瓷器)
-
red porcelain (紫砂)
-
porcelain tile (瓷砖)
-
porcelain ware (瓷器)
-
porcelain clay (n. 瓷土)
-
porcelain enamel (搪瓷;瓷釉)
-
porcelain insulator (瓷绝缘体,瓷隔电子)
-
ancient porcelain (古瓷)
-
porcelain crucible (瓷坩埚)
-
glazed porcelain (玻璃瓷)
-
porcelain cup (瓷杯,瓷盆;瓷盘绝缘子)
-
porcelain dish (瓷皿,瓷蒸发皿)
-
household porcelain (日用瓷)
- a porcelain vase (瓷花瓶)
-
china, stoneware ([陶瓷]瓷;瓷器)
-
china, delicate, fine (瓷制的;精美的)
473. stealthy
'stelθi 鬼鬼祟祟的;秘密的
- the stealthy approach of the soldiers (士兵的悄悄靠近)
- secret, underground, chamber, inside, cabinet (鬼鬼祟祟的;秘密的)
474. materialism
mə'tiəriəlizəm 唯物主义;唯物论;物质主义
-
historical materialism (历史唯物主义;历史唯物论)
-
dialectical materialism (n. 辩证唯物主义)
- a reaction to a world full of shallow materialism (对充满浅薄的物质主义思想的世界作出的回应)
475. considerable
kən'sidərəbl 相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的
-
Michael has already spent considerable time in Barcelona. (迈克尔在巴塞罗那已经待了相当长的时间了。)
-
issues of considerable importance (相当重要的问题)
-
The series has aroused considerable interest. (这套系列节目引起了观众相当浓厚的兴趣。)
- crucial, important, material, big, major (相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的)
476. influenza
,influ'enzə [内科] 流行性感冒(简写flu);家畜流行性感冒
-
influenza virus (流感病毒)
-
avian influenza (禽流感;家禽流行性感冒)
-
influenza vaccine (流感疫苗)
-
avian influenza virus (禽流感病毒)
-
influenza a virus (甲型流感病毒)
-
pandemic influenza (大流行性流感)
- grippe, feveret ([中医][内科]流行性感冒(简写flu);家畜流行性感冒)
477. justify
'dʒʌstifai 证明合法;整理版面
- No argument can justify a war. (没有任何理由能证明一个战争有理。)
478. banister
'bænistə 栏杆的支柱;楼梯的扶栏
- baluster ([建]栏杆的支柱;楼梯的扶栏)
479. comparison
kəm'pærisən 比较;对照;比喻;比较关系
-
comparison with (与…相比)
-
in comparison (adj. 相比之下;与……比较)
-
in comparison with (与…比较,同…比较起来)
-
by comparison (相比之下,比较起来)
-
comparison method (比较法)
-
make a comparison (进行比较)
-
comparison test (比较检验)
-
comparison theorem (比较定理)
-
beyond comparison (adv. 无以伦比)
-
comparison table (对照表)
-
comparison shopping (比较购物;采购条件的比较调查)
-
paired comparison (成对比较)
- Her paintings invite comparison with those of the early Impressionists (= they remind you of them ) . (她的画作让人想起早期的印象派作品。)
- parabole, imagery (比较;对照;比喻;比较关系)
480. imaginary
i'mædʒinəri 虚构的,假想的;想像的;虚数的
-
imaginary part ([计]虚部)
-
imaginary line (假想线;虚线)
-
imaginary number (虚数)
-
imaginary circle (虚圆)
-
As she listened, she played an imaginary piano on her knees. (她边听边在膝盖上作弹钢琴状。)
-
We must protect older people from harm, whether it is real or imaginary. (我们必须保护老人免受伤害,无论这伤害是真实的还是假想的。)
- fictitious, figmentary ([计][摄]虚构的,[心理]假想的;想像的;虚数的)
481. belongings
bi'lɔŋiŋz [经] 财产,所有物;亲戚
- sense of belonging (归宿感,归属感)
- an insurance policy that covers your personal belongings (一张承保个人财物的保单)
- estate, property, treasure, possession, worth ([经]财产,所有物;亲戚)
482. magnify
'mæɡnifai 放大;赞美;夸大
-
At the Sheffield arena, the speakers were magnified ten times on a giant screen. (在谢菲尔德体育馆,演讲者在一个巨大的屏幕上被放大了十倍。)
-
A public address system magnifies all the little noises and coughs. (扩音系统会放大任何细小的噪音和咳嗽声。)
-
praise, celebrate, bless (放大;赞美;夸大)
-
enlarge, zoom up (放大;有放大能力)
483. invest
in'vest 投资;覆盖;耗费;授予;包围
-
invest in (v. 投资于;[口]买进;寄希望于)
-
invest with (授予)
- I’ve got a few thousand dollars I’m looking to invest. (我有几千美元想作投资。)
-
fund, award, give, house, sheet (投资;覆盖;耗费;授予;包围)
-
invent money in, plow into (投资,入股;花钱买)
484. noticeable
'nəutisəbl 显而易见的,显著的;值得注意的
-
Alcohol has a noticeable effect on the body. (酒精对身体有明显的影响。)
-
It was noticeable that many of them avoided answering the question. (显而易见,他们中的许多人对这个问题都避而不答。)
- obvious, prominent, remarkable, marked, noted (显而易见的,显著的;值得注意的)
485. seminar
'seminɑ: 讨论会,研讨班
- seminar course (研究科目;研究学程)
- a Shakespeare seminar (莎士比亚研讨班)
- forum, consultation, symposium (讨论会,研讨班)
486. maize
meiz 黄色的,玉米色的
meiz 玉米;黄色,玉米色
-
maize starch (玉米淀粉;玉蜀黍淀粉)
-
maize straw (玉米秸秆;玉米秆)
-
maize yellow (玉米黄)
-
maize meal (玉米粉,玉米面)
- The researchers say it should be possible to transfer this process to rice by inserting genes from maize or from wild relatives of rice that also use it. (科学家说,通过把来自玉米或者具有此功能的水稻野生亲属的基因插入水稻中,就有可能让水稻也具有这一功能。)
-
yellow, xanthic (黄色的,玉米色的)
-
yellow, zea mays ([作物]玉米;黄色,玉米色)
487. thereabouts
'ðεərə,baut(s), ,ðεərə'baut(s) 大约;在那附近(等于thereabout)
- These houses were built in 1930 or thereabouts . (这些房子是1930年左右建造的。)
- around, approximately, something (大约;在那附近(等于thereabout))
488. caterpillar
'kætəpilə [无脊椎] 毛虫;履带车
'kætəpilə 有履带装置的
- palmerworm, eruca ([无脊椎]毛虫;[车辆]履带车)
489. skull
skʌl 头盖骨,脑壳
- Her husband was later treated for a fractured skull. (她丈夫后来因颅骨碎裂而接受治疗。)
- crania, braincase (头盖骨,脑壳)
490. preliminary
pri'liminəri 准备;预赛;初步措施
pri'liminəri 初步的;开始的;预备的
-
preliminary study (初步研究)
-
preliminary analysis (初步分析)
-
preliminary design (初步设计)
-
preliminary stage (初始阶段,初期;原始阶段)
-
preliminary investigation (初步调查)
-
preliminary test (初步试验;预先测试;初级试验)
-
preliminary examination (预备考试;预先检查)
-
preliminary plan (初步设计)
-
preliminary round (初赛;分组预选赛)
-
preliminary data (初始数据)
-
preliminary survey (初步调查;初测)
-
preliminary treatment (预处理)
-
preliminary assessment (初步评估;预备评估)
-
preliminary report (初步报告;预备报告)
-
preliminary planning (初步规划;初步计划)
-
preliminary agreement (初步协议)
-
preliminary review (预审;预先复查;初审)
-
preliminary scheme (初步规划)
-
preliminary hearing (n. 调查庭)
-
preliminary works (初步工程;准备工程)
- After the usual preliminaries , the chairman made his announcement. (一段例行的开场白之后,主席发布了通告。)
-
preparation, arrangement, provision (准备;预赛;初步措施)
-
opening, rudimentary (初步的;开始的;预备的)
491. xerox
'ziərɔks 施乐(商标名,美国办公设备制造公司);影印,静电印刷品
'ziərɔks 用静电复印法复印
- fuji xerox (富士施乐(复印机公司))
-
The rooms are crammed with humming Xerox machines. (那些房间里摆满了嗡嗡作响的施乐复印机。)
-
I should have simply Xeroxed this sheet for you. (我本应该只为你复印这张。)
- photoprint (施乐(商标名,美国办公设备制造公司);影印,[印刷]静电印刷品)
492. heartbeat
'hɑ:tbi:t 心跳;情感
- in a heartbeat (马上;立刻)
- Your baby's heartbeat will be monitored continuously. (您小宝宝的心跳将会受到持续监听。)
- emotion, will, affect ([生理]心跳;情感)
493. clumsy
'klʌmzi 笨拙的
-
A clumsy waiter spilled wine all over her new skirt. (一名笨手笨脚的服务员把葡萄酒洒得她新裙子上到处都是。)
-
a clumsy attempt to catch the ball (笨拙的接球动作)
- awkward, inept (笨拙的)
494. rental
'rentəl 租金收入,租金;租赁
'rentəl 租赁的;收取租金的
-
rental housing (租赁房屋)
-
car rental (汽车出租)
-
rental income (租赁收入)
-
equipment rental (设备租用)
-
residential rental (房租)
-
rental fee (租赁费)
-
rental house (租房;出租公司)
-
rental agreement (租约;租赁合同)
-
video rental (录影带租借)
-
rental agency (租凭公司)
-
rental rate (租金率)
-
rental return (租金收益)
-
rental value (租赁价值,租税价)
-
Video rental is usually £3. (录像带的租金通常是3英镑。)
-
A friend drove her to Atlanta, where she picked up a rental car. (一个朋友开车送她去了亚特兰大,在那里她租到了一辆车。)
-
letting, leasing (租金收入,租金;租赁)
-
leasehold (租赁的;收取租金的)
495. pod
pɔd 蚕茧;豆荚
pɔd 结豆荚
- a pea pod (豌豆荚)
- peapod, bean-pod (蚕茧;豆荚)
496. geopolitics
,dʒi(:)əu'pɔlitiks 地缘政治学;地理政治论
- What are the geopolitics and the socioeconomics of the Singularity? (奇点的地缘政治学和社会经济学基础是什么?)
- geostrategy (地缘政治学;地理政治论)
497. core
kɔ: 核心;要点;果心;[计] 磁心
kɔ: 挖的核
-
core competence (核心竞争力;核心才能)
-
core competitiveness (核心竞争力)
-
core business (核心业务)
-
core value (核心价值)
-
at the core of (在…的中心)
-
iron core (铁芯)
-
core area (核心地区,中心地区)
-
core competency (核心竞争力;核心能力;关键才能)
-
three core (三心,三芯的)
-
valve core (阀心;气门芯)
-
core material (型芯材料,裂变物质;内层芯板,磁心材料)
-
hard core (中坚力量;碎砖垫层)
-
inner core (内核;内心)
-
core curriculum (基础课程)
-
core drilling (钻取土芯)
-
magnetic core ([计]磁心)
-
concrete core (混凝土芯;土芯)
-
rock core (岩心)
-
core wall (心墙,隔心墙;隔水墙)
-
core sample (矿样;岩芯样本;土芯样本)
-
Remove the cores, and bake the apples for 40 minutes. (去除果心,然后把苹果烤40分钟。)
-
...machines for peeling and coring apples. (…苹果削皮去核机。)
- quick, kernel, main, heart, essential ([晶体]核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心)
498. suckle
'sʌkl 给…哺乳;吮吸;养育
- a sheep suckling her lamb (一只给羊羔喂奶的绵羊)
- raise, mother, foster, breed (给…哺乳;吮吸;养育)
499. utmost
'ʌtməust 极限;最大可能
'ʌtməust 极度的;最远的
-
to the utmost (极度;尽力)
-
do one's utmost (尽全力,竭力)
-
utmost good faith (最大诚信;绝对信任)
-
at the utmost (至多)
-
The medical staff did their utmost(= tried as hard as they could ) to save the patient’s life. (医护人员竭尽全力挽救那位病人的生命。)
-
It is a matter of the utmost urgency to find out what has happened to these people. (当务之急是弄清楚这些人出了什么事。)
-
Security matters are treated with the utmost seriousness. (安全问题受到极为严肃的对待。)
-
limitation, threshold, terminal (极限;最大可能)
-
excessive, extreme (极度的;最远的)